To: | Best Apps, LLC (msalvatore@holmesweinberg.com) |
Subject: | U.S. TRADEMARK APPLICATION NO. 88280722 - GFX - N/A |
Sent: | 4/15/2019 6:11:29 PM |
Sent As: | ECOM121@USPTO.GOV |
Attachments: | Attachment - 1 Attachment - 2 Attachment - 3 Attachment - 4 Attachment - 5 Attachment - 6 Attachment - 7 Attachment - 8 Attachment - 9 Attachment - 10 Attachment - 11 Attachment - 12 Attachment - 13 Attachment - 14 Attachment - 15 |
UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE (USPTO)
OFFICE ACTION (OFFICIAL LETTER) ABOUT APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION
U.S. APPLICATION SERIAL NO. 88280722
MARK: GFX
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CORRESPONDENT ADDRESS: |
CLICK HERE TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER: http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp
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APPLICANT: Best Apps, LLC
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CORRESPONDENT’S REFERENCE/DOCKET NO: CORRESPONDENT E-MAIL ADDRESS: |
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OFFICE ACTION
TO AVOID ABANDONMENT OF APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION, THE USPTO MUST RECEIVE APPLICANT’S COMPLETE RESPONSE TO THIS LETTER WITHIN 6 MONTHS OF THE ISSUE/MAILING DATE BELOW. A RESPONSE TRANSMITTED THROUGH THE TRADEMARK ELECTRONIC APPLICATION SYSTEM (TEAS) MUST BE RECEIVED BEFORE MIDNIGHT EASTERN TIME OF THE LAST DAY OF THE RESPONSE PERIOD.
ISSUE/MAILING DATE: 4/15/2019
SECTION 2(d) REFUSAL – LIKELIHOOD OF CONFUSION
Applicant’s mark is GFX presented in standard character form, for use with the following applied-for services:
Class 035: Brand marketing consulting services, namely, providing strategies and digital platforms for brand owners to extend and market their brands
The registered marks (all owned by the same registrant) are as follows:
· U.S. Reg. No. 4986433 GFX presented in standard character form for use with the following registered services related to this refusal:
Class 035: Business consulting services relating to the design, implementation, management and delivery of marketing materials and signage for retail establishments
Class 042: Providing online non-downloadable computer software for managing and tracking promotional signage and other assets of retail store environments; consulting services relating to the integration of software solutions into retail store environments
· U.S. Reg. No. 4986434 GFX INTERNATIONAL presented in standard character form for use with the following registered services related to this refusal:
Class 035: Business consulting services relating to the design, implementation, management and delivery of marketing materials and signage for retail establishments
Class 042: Providing online non-downloadable computer software for managing and tracking promotional signage and other assets of retail store environments; consulting services relating to the integration of software solutions into retail store environments
· U.S. Reg. No. 4986435 GFX INTERNATIONAL presented in stylized form for use with the following registered services related to this refusal:
Class 035: Business consulting services relating to the design, implementation, management and delivery of marketing materials and signage for retail establishments
Class 042: Providing online non-downloadable computer software for managing and tracking promotional signage and other assets of retail store environments; consulting services relating to the integration of software solutions into retail store environments
· U.S. Reg. No. 3836121 GFX SYMPHONY presented in standard character form, for use with the following services related to this refusal:
Class 042: providing online non-downloadable computer software for managing, tracking, and ordering promotional signage and other assets in the retail store environment
Trademark Act Section 2(d) bars registration of an applied-for mark that is so similar to a registered mark that it is likely consumers would be confused, mistaken, or deceived as to the commercial source of the goods and/or services of the parties. See 15 U.S.C. §1052(d). Likelihood of confusion is determined on a case-by-case basis by applying the factors set forth in In re E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 476 F.2d 1357, 1361, 177 USPQ 563, 567 (C.C.P.A. 1973) (called the “du Pont factors”). In re i.am.symbolic, llc, 866 F.3d 1315, 1322, 123 USPQ2d 1744, 1747 (Fed. Cir. 2017). Only those factors that are “relevant and of record” need be considered. M2 Software, Inc. v. M2 Commc’ns, Inc., 450 F.3d 1378, 1382, 78 USPQ2d 1944, 1947 (Fed. Cir. 2006) (citing Shen Mfg. Co. v. Ritz Hotel Ltd., 393 F.3d 1238, 1241, 73 USPQ2d 1350, 1353 (Fed. Cir. 2004)); see In re Inn at St. John’s, LLC, 126 USPQ2d 1742, 1744 (TTAB 2018).
Although not all du Pont factors may be relevant, there are generally two key considerations in any likelihood of confusion analysis: (1) the similarities between the compared marks and (2) the relatedness of the compared goods and/or services. See In re i.am.symbolic, llc, 866 F.3d at 1322, 123 USPQ2d at 1747 (quoting Herbko Int’l, Inc. v. Kappa Books, Inc., 308 F.3d 1156, 1164-65, 64 USPQ2d 1375, 1380 (Fed. Cir. 2002)); Federated Foods, Inc. v. Fort Howard Paper Co.,544 F.2d 1098, 1103, 192 USPQ 24, 29 (C.C.P.A. 1976) (“The fundamental inquiry mandated by [Section] 2(d) goes to the cumulative effect of differences in the essential characteristics of the goods [or services] and differences in the marks.”); TMEP §1207.01.
Comparison of Marks
Marks are compared in their entireties for similarities in appearance, sound, connotation, and commercial impression. Stone Lion Capital Partners, LP v. Lion Capital LLP, 746 F.3d 1317, 1321, 110 USPQ2d 1157, 1160 (Fed. Cir. 2014) (quoting Palm Bay Imps., Inc. v. Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee En 1772, 396 F.3d 1369, 1371, 73 USPQ2d 1689, 1691 (Fed. Cir. 2005)); TMEP §1207.01(b)-(b)(v). “Similarity in any one of these elements may be sufficient to find the marks confusingly similar.” In re Inn at St. John’s, LLC, 126 USPQ2d 1742, 1746 (TTAB 2018) (citing In re Davia, 110 USPQ2d 1810, 1812 (TTAB 2014)); TMEP §1207.01(b).
Regarding U.S. Reg. No. 4986433 GFX
Therefore, the marks are confusingly similar.
Regarding U.S. Reg. Nos. 4986435; 4986434; 3836121
Here, applicant’s mark is GFX presented in standard character form, and the registered marks are GFX INTERNATIONAL in standard character form and stylized form, and GFX SYMPHONY. In this case, applicant’s and registrant’s marks all share the identical first term “GFX”. Consumers are generally more inclined to focus on the first word, prefix, or syllable in any trademark or service mark. See Palm Bay Imps., Inc. v. Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee En 1772, 396 F.3d 1369, 1372, 73 USPQ2d 1689, 1692 (Fed. Cir. 2005) (finding similarity between VEUVE ROYALE and two VEUVE CLICQUOT marks in part because “VEUVE . . . remains a ‘prominent feature’ as the first word in the mark and the first word to appear on the label”); Century 21 Real Estate Corp. v. Century Life of Am., 970 F.2d 874, 876, 23 USPQ2d 1698, 1700 (Fed Cir. 1992) (finding similarity between CENTURY 21 and CENTURY LIFE OF AMERICA in part because “consumers must first notice th[e] identical lead word”); see also In re Detroit Athletic Co., 903 F.3d 1297, 1303, 128 USPQ2d 1047, 1049 (Fed. Cir. 2018) (finding “the identity of the marks’ two initial words is particularly significant because consumers typically notice those words first”).
Moreover, applicant’s mark appears in standard character form, which may be depicted in any stylization, including a depiction identical or similar to registrant’s usage. A mark in typed or standard characters may be displayed in any lettering style; the rights reside in the wording or other literal element and not in any particular display or rendition. See In re Viterra Inc., 671 F.3d 1358, 1363, 101 USPQ2d 1905, 1909 (Fed. Cir. 2012); In re Mighty Leaf Tea, 601 F.3d 1342, 1348, 94 USPQ2d 1257, 1260 (Fed. Cir. 2010); 37 C.F.R. §2.52(a); TMEP §1207.01(c)(iii). Thus, a mark presented in stylized characters and/or with a design element generally will not avoid likelihood of confusion with a mark in typed or standard characters because the word portion could be presented in the same manner of display. See, e.g., In re Viterra Inc., 671 F.3d at 1363, 101 USPQ2d at 1909; Squirtco v. Tomy Corp., 697 F.2d 1038, 1041, 216 USPQ 937, 939 (Fed. Cir. 1983) (stating that “the argument concerning a difference in type style is not viable where one party asserts rights in no particular display”).
Accordingly, applicant’s mark GFX and registrant’s marks of GFX INTERNATIONAL and GFX SYMPHONY are similar for purposes of determining likelihood of confusion under Section 2(d) of the Trademark Act.
Comparison of Services
Here, applicant’s services are “Brand marketing consulting services, namely, providing strategies and digital platforms for brand owners to extend and market their brands” and registrant’s services are “Business consulting services relating to the design, implementation, management and delivery of marketing materials and signage for retail establishments” and “Providing online non-downloadable computer software for managing and tracking promotional signage and other assets of retail store environments; consulting services relating to the integration of software solutions into retail store environments” for U.S. Reg. Nos. 4986433; 4986435; 4986434 and “providing online non-downloadable computer software for managing, tracking, and ordering promotional signage and other assets in the retail store environment” for U.S. Reg. No. 3836121.
In this case, applicant’s and registrant’s services all serve the same function, namely, to offer consultancy for promoting a business. Indeed, applicant proffers “brand consultancy” for the purpose of assisting “brand owners to extend and market their brands” moreover, registrant’s services are “business consultancy” relating to the design and implementation of “marketing materials and signage for retail establishments” and providing software to management the same. Thus, applicant’s and registrant’s services, while worded differently, both serve the identical purpose of assisting consumers market their own goods and services and to manage their marketing.
If applicant responds to this refusal, applicant must also respond to the requirements discussed below.
SECTION 2(e)(1) REFUSAL – MERELY DESCRIPTIVE
An abbreviation, initialism, or acronym is merely descriptive when it is generally understood as “substantially synonymous” with the descriptive words it represents. See In re Thomas Nelson, Inc., 97 USPQ2d 1712, 1715 (TTAB 2011) (citing Modern Optics, Inc. v. Univis Lens Co., 234 F.2d 504, 506, 110 USPQ 293, 295 (C.C.P.A. 1956)) (holding NKJV substantially synonymous with merely descriptive term “New King James Version” and thus merely descriptive of bibles); In re BetaBatt Inc., 89 USPQ2d 1152, 1155 (TTAB 2008) (holding DEC substantially synonymous with merely descriptive term “direct energy conversion” and thus merely descriptive of a type of batteries and battery related services); TMEP §1209.03(h).
A mark consisting of an abbreviation, initialism, or acronym will be considered substantially synonymous with descriptive wording if:
(1) the applied-for mark is an abbreviation, initialism, or acronym for specific wording;
(2) the specific wording is merely descriptive of applicant’s goods and/or services; and
(3) a relevant consumer viewing the abbreviation, initialism, or acronym in connection with applicant’s goods and/or services will recognize it as the equivalent of the merely descriptive wording it represents.
TMEP §1209.03(h); see In re Thomas Nelson, Inc., 97 USPQ2d at 1715-16 (citing In re Harco Corp., 220 USPQ 1075, 1076 (TTAB 1984)).
In the present case, the attached evidence from Internet Slang and Wiktionary shows that applicant’s mark “GFX” is an abbreviation for the wording “GRAPHICS.” The term “GRAPHICS” is the function of brand services, namely, to create, design, or consult on graphics and brands. Lastly, a relevant consumer viewing applicant’s mark in connection with the identified goods and/or services would recognize it as the equivalent of the descriptive wording it represent this term because “GFX” is a known abbreviation or slang for “graphics”.
Accordingly, applicant’s applied-for mark GFX appears to be merely descriptive of applicant’s services and is refused registration under Section 2(e)(1) of the Trademark Act.
If applicant responds to this issue, applicant must also respond to the issues discussed below.
SUPPLEMENTAL REGISTER – ADVISORY
If applicant files an acceptable allegation of use and also amends to the Supplemental Register, the application effective filing date will be the date applicant met the minimum filing requirements under 37 C.F.R. §2.76(c) for an amendment to allege use. TMEP §§816.02, 1102.03; see 37 C.F.R. §2.75(b). In addition, the undersigned trademark examining attorney will conduct a new search of the USPTO records for conflicting marks based on the later application filing date. TMEP §§206.01, 1102.03.
IDENTIFICATION OF SERVICES – AMENDMENT REQUIRED
Applicant’s applied-for services consist of the following:
Class 035: Brand marketing consulting services, namely providing strategies and digital platforms for brand owners to extend and market their brands
Applicant may substitute the following wording, if accurate:
Class 035: Brand marketing consulting services in the nature of marketing consultancy focusing on helping clients create and extend their product and brandstrategies by building virally engaging marketing solutions; Brand marketing consulting services in the nature of social media strategy and marketing consultancy focusing on helping clients create and extend their product and brand strategies by building virally engaging marketing solutions; Brand marketing consulting in the nature of on-line customer-based social media brand marketing services
ADD Class 042: Providing digital platforms, namely, website design consultancy for brand owners to extend and market their brands
For assistance with identifying and classifying goods and services in trademark applications, please see the USPTO’s online searchable U.S. Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual. See TMEP §1402.04.
If applicant responds to this issue, applicant must also note the advisories below.
MULTIPLE-CLASS APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS – ADVISORY
(1) List the goods and/or services by their international class number in consecutive numerical order, starting with the lowest numbered class.
(2) Submit a filing fee for each international class not covered by the fee(s) already paid (view the USPTO’s current fee schedule). The application identifies goods and/or services that are classified in at least TWO (2) classes; however, applicant submitted a fee(s) sufficient for only ONE (1) class(es). Applicant must either submit the filing fees for the classes not covered by the submitted fees or restrict the application to the number of classes covered by the fees already paid.
See 15 U.S.C. §§1051(b), 1112, 1126(e); 37 C.F.R. §§2.32(a)(6)-(7), 2.34(a)(2)-(3), 2.86(a); TMEP §§1403.01, 1403.02(c).
See an overview of the requirements for a Section 1(b) multiple-class application and how to satisfy the requirements online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) form.
The fee for adding classes to a TEAS Reduced Fee (RF) application is $275 per class. See 37 C.F.R. §§2.6(a)(1)(iii), 2.23(a). See more information regarding the requirements for maintaining the lower TEAS RF fee and, if these requirements are not satisfied, for adding classes at a higher fee using regular TEAS.
TEAS PLUS OR TEAS REDUCED FEE (TEAS RF) APPLICANTS – TO MAINTAIN LOWER FEE, ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS MUST BE MET, INCLUDING SUBMITTING DOCUMENTS ONLINE: Applicants who filed their application online using the lower-fee TEAS Plus or TEAS RF application form must (1) file certain documents online using TEAS, including responses to Office actions (see TMEP §§819.02(b), 820.02(b) for a complete list of these documents); (2) maintain a valid e-mail correspondence address; and (3) agree to receive correspondence from the USPTO by e-mail throughout the prosecution of the application. See 37 C.F.R. §§2.22(b), 2.23(b); TMEP §§819, 820. TEAS Plus or TEAS RF applicants who do not meet these requirements must submit an additional processing fee of $125 per class of goods and/or services. 37 C.F.R. §§2.6(a)(1)(v), 2.22(c), 2.23(c); TMEP §§819.04, 820.04. However, in certain situations, TEAS Plus or TEAS RF applicants may respond to an Office action by authorizing an examiner’s amendment by telephone or e-mail without incurring this additional fee.
/Courtney M. Caliendo/
Courtney M. Caliendo
Trademark Examining Attorney
Law Office 121 - USPTO
Courtney.Caliendo@uspto.gov
571-270-1871
TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER: Go to http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp. Please wait 48-72 hours from the issue/mailing date before using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), to allow for necessary system updates of the application. For technical assistance with online forms, e-mail TEAS@uspto.gov. For questions about the Office action itself, please contact the assigned trademark examining attorney. E-mail communications will not be accepted as responses to Office actions; therefore, do not respond to this Office action by e-mail.
All informal e-mail communications relevant to this application will be placed in the official application record.
WHO MUST SIGN THE RESPONSE: It must be personally signed by an individual applicant or someone with legal authority to bind an applicant (i.e., a corporate officer, a general partner, all joint applicants). If an applicant is represented by an attorney, the attorney must sign the response.
PERIODICALLY CHECK THE STATUS OF THE APPLICATION: To ensure that applicant does not miss crucial deadlines or official notices, check the status of the application every three to four months using the Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR) system at http://tsdr.gov.uspto.report/. Please keep a copy of the TSDR status screen. If the status shows no change for more than six months, contact the Trademark Assistance Center by e-mail at TrademarkAssistanceCenter@uspto.gov or call 1-800-786-9199. For more information on checking status, see http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/process/status/.
TO UPDATE CORRESPONDENCE/E-MAIL ADDRESS: Use the TEAS form at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/correspondence.jsp.