Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. PTO Form 1957 (Rev 10/2011) |
OMB No. 0651-0050 (Exp 09/20/2020) |
Input Field |
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SERIAL NUMBER | 88177012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LAW OFFICE ASSIGNED | LAW OFFICE 115 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MARK SECTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MARK | http://uspto.report/TM/88177012/mark.png | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LITERAL ELEMENT | PLAYGROUND | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
STANDARD CHARACTERS | YES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
USPTO-GENERATED IMAGE | YES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MARK STATEMENT | The mark consists of standard characters, without claim to any particular font style, size or color. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ARGUMENT(S) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
This correspondence is filed in response (“Response”) to the Office Action (“Action”) and Application referenced above. In the Action, the Examiner refused registration on the ground that the Mark is likely to be confused with Registration Nos. 2888095, 3463757, 4130978, 4169315, 4865329, 5057879 and 5174086 (“Registrations”). In addition, the Examiner warned that the Application may be refused if U.S. Application Nos. 86705445 and 86705562 register due to a likelihood of confusion with the applied-for marks; and requested clarification of identified goods and services in the Application. As detailed below, there is no likelihood of confusion between the Mark and the marks covered by the Registrations because consumers are able to discriminate between and among the marks in a crowded field of PLAYGROUND-related registrations on the Principal Register. Applicant also clarifies the identified goods and services in the Application. I. NO LIKELIHOOD OF CONFUSION 1. The Mark is entitled to join the crowded field of registered marks incorporating “PLAYGROUND” for games. The number and nature of registered marks on the Principal Register that incorporate a common term in the relevant field is one of the DuPont likelihood of confusion factors to be given great weight when evidence pertaining thereto is of record. In re E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Co., 476 F.2d 1357, 177 USPQ 563 (CCPA 1973). The greater the number of similar marks in the market, the more consumers are able to distinguish between and among them. See TMEP 1207.01(d)(iii). Thus, with respect to this factor, the Examiner is required to assess the relative strength or weakness of the cited registrations in the relevant field in order to define the scope of protection afforded to them. See id. The Principal Register contains several applications and registrations, including the Registrations, owned by different entities that incorporate PLAYGROUND for game-related goods or services in Class(es) 9, 41, and/or 42, including the following:
See the TSDR reports for the foregoing third party registrations and applications attached as Exhibit A. We note that the marks covered by the Registrations and the third party applications and registrations listed above are relatively weak compared to each other. Further, due to the numerous registrations and applications for marks incorporating “playground” for games, consumers will surely be able to discriminate between the Mark and the marks covered by the Registrations. See In re Broadway Chicken Inc., 38 U.S.P.Q.2d 1559, 1565 (TTAB 1996) (holding that applicant’s evidence of widespread third-party use of marks containing the term BROADWAY for restaurant services and closely related goods and services is sufficient to show that confusion is not likely to result from the contemporaneous use of applicant’s and registrant’s marks incorporating “BROADWAY” in connection with restaurant services); see also Primrose Retirement Communities, LLC v. Edward Rose Senior Living, LLC, 122 U.S.P.Q.2d 1030 (TTAB 2016) (the Board concluded that customers have been exposed to so many different marks incorporating a common term in connection with relevant services that they are able to distinguish between such marks by focusing on “minute distinctions” between them). Accordingly, the Mark should be allowed to coexist with similar registrations on the Principal Register. 2. Applicant and applicable registrants have dissimilar marks and services. In addition to the foregoing arguments, the Mark is sufficiently distinguishable from the cited registered marks to avoid likelihood of confusion for the following reasons. First, the Mark – PLAYGROUND – is visually and aurally distinguishable from the marks covered by the Registrations. Visual differences are important in likelihood of confusion analysis because they alter the overall consumer impression associated with the marks in question. See, e.g., In re Electrolyte Labs, Inc., 16 U.S.P.Q.2d 1239, 1240 (Fed. Cir. 1990). In the Action, the Examiner concludes that the marks are similar because they share a common term. See Action at 3. To the contrary, the Examiner is required to compare such marks and the Mark in their entireties without improperly dissecting portions thereof. See In re Nat’l Data Corp., 753 F.2d 1056, 1058 (Fed. Cir. 1985) (noting that “[t]he basic principle in determining confusion between marks is that the marks must be compared in their entireties and must be considered in connection with the particular goods and services for which they are used.”); TMEP § 1207.01(b). Here, compared to the Mark, the cited registered marks combine “PLAYGROUND” with other words like “ELECTRIC,” “EA,” “MATH,” “VIRTUAL,” “CITY,” “DEVIL,” and “POKER.” Compared in their entireties, it is evident that the Mark appears and/or is pronounced differently than the cited registered marks. Second, certain registrants’ goods/services are limited as described in the applicable Registrations and thus do not overlap with Applicant’s goods and/or services. Specifically, the identified goods for MATH PLAYGROUND (Reg. No. 4130978) is limited to the field of “math education.” Further, identified goods for DEVIL’S PLAYGROUND (Reg. No. 5174086) and PLAYGROUND POKER (Reg. No. 5057879) are limited to gambling games. In contrast, Applicant’s goods and services are in the field of recreational video games with the exception of gambling games. Moreover, due to the nature of the goods and services provided by Applicant and applicable third party registrants in the crowded field, consumers will be able to discriminate between and among the marks with respect to recreational, educational, and gambling games. See In re Broadway Chicken Inc., 38 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1565. Third, Applicant owns the PLAYGROUND GAMES & Design mark (Reg. No. 4865329) through acquisition. Applicant acquired the registrant, Playground Games Limited, in 2018 and the former is the parent company of the latter. See relevant article attached as Exhibit B. The registrant uses the registered PLAYGROUND GAMES & Design mark in connection with the goods and services recited in registration ‘329, and Applicant exercises control over the nature and quality of such goods and services. It follows that Applicant is the owner of the mark because use of the mark by the registrant inures to the benefit of Applicant. TMEP § 1201.03; 15 U.S.C. § 1055 (“[w]here a registered mark or a mark sought to be registered is or may be used legitimately by related companies, such use shall inure to the benefit of the registrant or applicant for registration, and such use shall not affect the validity of such mark or of its registration, provided such mark is not used in such manner as to deceive the public.”). Thus, the likelihood-of-confusion issue in the Action with respect to registration ‘329 is moot. 3. Cancelled registration. On February 15, 2019, the USPTO cancelled Registration No. 3463757 for EA PLAYGROUND because registrant did not file an acceptable declaration under Section 8. See cancelled status attached as Exhibit C. Accordingly, the likelihood-of-confusion issue with respect to this registration is moot. 4. Cited prior applications have been abandoned. The Examiner asserted that there is a likelihood of confusion between the Mark and prior-filed application Serial Nos. 86705445 and 86705562 (“Prior Applications”), and indicated that the Application may be suspended pending disposition of the Prior Applications. According to the record, due to failure to file Statements of Use within the required period, the USPTO issued Notices of Abandonment for the Prior Applications. See relevant documents attached as Exhibit D. We also understand that the period to revive such applications have expired. See TMEP § 1714; 37 C.F.R. § 2.66. Accordingly, the likelihood-of-confusion issues with respect to Prior Applications, to the extent they were raised in the Action, are moot because such applications have been abandoned and no longer qualify as prior-filed applications with respect to Applicant’s Application. II. CLARIFICATION OF GOODS AND SERVICES As provided in the TEAS form, Applicant clarifies the goods and services in the Application as follows: Class 9 “Entertainment software, namely, electronic game software; interactive entertainment software, namely, electronic game software; application software, namely, electronic game software; sound recordings featuring electronic game sound tracks; video recordings featuring electronic game tournaments; pre-recorded motion picturefilms featuring electronic game tournaments; animated motion picturefilms featuring electronic game tournaments; motion picture films featuring electronic game tournaments” Class 41 “Entertainment services, namely, providing online non-downloadable electronic games; provision of entertainment software, namely, online non-downloadable electronic game software; providing entertainment information on video games, computer games and related products, and on the video game and computer game industries; providing non-downloadable online videos in the field of video games by computer networks; providing educational and instructional services, namely, classes, seminars, expos, and conferences, relating to video games and providing information about video games; entertainment services, namely, providing online electronic games; providing non-downloadable online electronic publications, namely, online journals and interactive online logs featuring user generated or specified content in the field of video games; providing non-downloadable online music by computer networks; providing non-downloadable online games by computer network; providing temporary use of non-downloadable electronic games; information, advisory and consultancy services relating to all of the foregoing” Class 42 “Computer software design; designing of entertainment software; developing of entertainment software; design, development and implementation of entertainment software for the purpose of testing of entertainment software; design, programming, and maintenance of software for consumer video games; updating of entertainment software; information, advisory and consultancy services relating to all of the foregoing” III. CONCLUSION Based on the foregoing, Applicant respectfully requests that the Examiner withdraw the refusal and allow the Application to proceed.
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EVIDENCE SECTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EVIDENCE FILE NAME(S) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ORIGINAL PDF FILE | evi_69821736-20190719172621642282_._Exhibit_A.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CONVERTED PDF FILE(S) (47 pages) |
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ORIGINAL PDF FILE | evi_69821736-20190719172621642282_._Exhibit_B.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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ORIGINAL PDF FILE | evi_69821736-20190719172621642282_._Exhibit_C.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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ORIGINAL PDF FILE | evi_69821736-20190719172621642282_._Exhibit_D.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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DESCRIPTION OF EVIDENCE FILE | attached Exhibits A-D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GOODS AND/OR SERVICES SECTION (009)(current) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTERNATIONAL CLASS | 009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DESCRIPTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entertainment software, namely, electronic game software; interactive entertainment software, namely, electronic game software; application software, namely, electronic game software; sound recordings featuring electronic games; video recordings featuring electronic games; pre-recorded films featuring electronic games; animated films; motion picture films featuring electronic games | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 1(b) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 44(d) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION NUMBER | 201834210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION COUNTRY | Azerbaijan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN FILING DATE | 05/03/2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GOODS AND/OR SERVICES SECTION (009)(proposed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTERNATIONAL CLASS | 009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TRACKED TEXT DESCRIPTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entertainment software, namely, electronic game software; interactive entertainment
software, namely, electronic game software; application software, namely, electronic game software; |
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FINAL DESCRIPTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entertainment software, namely, electronic game software; interactive entertainment software, namely, electronic game software; application software, namely, electronic game software; sound recordings featuring electronic game sound tracks; video recordings featuring electronic game tournaments; pre-recorded motion picture films featuring electronic game tournaments; animated motion picture films featuring electronic game tournaments; motion picture films featuring electronic game tournaments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 1(b) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 44(d) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION NUMBER | 201834210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION COUNTRY | Azerbaijan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN FILING DATE | 05/03/2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTENT TO PERFECT 44(d) |
At this time, the applicant has another basis for registration (Section 1(a) or Section 1(b)) and does NOT intend to rely on Section 44(e) as the basis for registration, but is only asserting a valid claim of priority. The application should not be suspended to await the submission of the foreign registration. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GOODS AND/OR SERVICES SECTION (041)(current) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTERNATIONAL CLASS | 041 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DESCRIPTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entertainment services, namely, providing online non-downloadable electronic games; provision of entertainment software, namely, online non-downloadable electronic game software; providing entertainment information on video games, computer games and related products, and on the video game and computer game industries; providing non-downloadable online videos in the field of video games by computer networks, providing educational and instructional services relating to video games and providing information thereon; entertainment services, namely, providing online electronic games; providing non-downloadable online electronic publications, namely, online journals and interactive online logs featuring user generated or specified content in the field of video games; providing non-downloadable online music by computer networks, providing non-downloadable online games by computer network; providing temporary use of non-downloadable electronic games; information and advisory and consultancy services relating to all of the foregoing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 1(b) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 44(d) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION NUMBER | 201834210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION COUNTRY | Azerbaijan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN FILING DATE | 05/03/2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GOODS AND/OR SERVICES SECTION (041)(proposed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTERNATIONAL CLASS | 041 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TRACKED TEXT DESCRIPTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entertainment services, namely, providing online non-downloadable electronic games; provision of entertainment software, namely, online non-downloadable electronic game software; providing entertainment information on video games, computer games and
related products, and on the video game and computer game industries; |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FINAL DESCRIPTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entertainment services, namely, providing online non-downloadable electronic games; provision of entertainment software, namely, online non-downloadable electronic game software; providing entertainment information on video games, computer games and related products, and on the video game and computer game industries; providing non-downloadable online videos in the field of video games by computer networks; providing educational and instructional services, namely, classes, seminars, expos, and conferences, relating to video games and providing information about video games; entertainment services, namely, providing online electronic games; providing non-downloadable online electronic publications, namely, online journals and interactive online logs featuring user generated or specified content in the field of video games; providing non-downloadable online music by computer networks; providing non-downloadable online games by computer network; providing temporary use of non-downloadable electronic games; information, advisory and consultancy services relating to all of the foregoing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 1(b) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 44(d) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION NUMBER | 201834210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION COUNTRY | Azerbaijan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN FILING DATE | 05/03/2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTENT TO PERFECT 44(d) |
At this time, the applicant has another basis for registration (Section 1(a) or Section 1(b)) and does NOT intend to rely on Section 44(e) as the basis for registration, but is only asserting a valid claim of priority. The application should not be suspended to await the submission of the foreign registration. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GOODS AND/OR SERVICES SECTION (042)(current) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTERNATIONAL CLASS | 042 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DESCRIPTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Computer software design; Designing of entertainment software; developing of entertainment software; design, development and implementation of entertainment software for the purpose of testing of entertainment software; design, programming, and maintenance of software for consumer video games; updating of entertainment software; information and advisory and consultancy services relating to all of the foregoing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 1(b) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 44(d) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION NUMBER | 201834210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION COUNTRY | Azerbaijan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN FILING DATE | 05/03/2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GOODS AND/OR SERVICES SECTION (042)(proposed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTERNATIONAL CLASS | 042 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DESCRIPTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Computer software design; Designing of entertainment software; developing of entertainment software; design, development and implementation of entertainment software for the purpose of testing of entertainment software; design, programming, and maintenance of software for consumer video games; updating of entertainment software; information and advisory and consultancy services relating to all of the foregoing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 1(b) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING BASIS | Section 44(d) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION NUMBER | 201834210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN APPLICATION COUNTRY | Azerbaijan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN FILING DATE | 05/03/2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTENT TO PERFECT 44(d) |
At this time, the applicant has another basis for registration (Section 1(a) or Section 1(b)) and does NOT intend to rely on Section 44(e) as the basis for registration, but is only asserting a valid claim of priority. The application should not be suspended to await the submission of the foreign registration. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SIGNATURE SECTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RESPONSE SIGNATURE | /MEM/ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SIGNATORY'S NAME | Matthew E. Moersfelder | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SIGNATORY'S POSITION | Attorney of record, Washington bar member | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SIGNATORY'S PHONE NUMBER | 206-757-8014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DATE SIGNED | 07/19/2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AUTHORIZED SIGNATORY | YES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FILING INFORMATION SECTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SUBMIT DATE | Fri Jul 19 19:32:25 EDT 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TEAS STAMP | USPTO/ROA-XX.X.XXX.XX-201 90719193225379232-8817701 2-6203e1de3d7b8440308dd99 3bc7272f8104285b86f3d6565 b8e3353d8045ed1be-N/A-N/A -20190719190742634644 |
Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. PTO Form 1957 (Rev 10/2011) |
OMB No. 0651-0050 (Exp 09/20/2020) |
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Applicant: Microsoft Corporation
Application Serial No.: 88177012
Mark: PLAYGROUND
Class(es): 9, 41, 42
Office Action Date: January 22, 2019
Examiner: Katherine S. Chang
|
RESPONSE TO OFFICE ACTION
|
This correspondence is filed in response (“Response”) to the Office Action (“Action”) and Application referenced above. In the Action, the Examiner refused registration on the ground that the Mark is likely to be confused with Registration Nos. 2888095, 3463757, 4130978, 4169315, 4865329, 5057879 and 5174086 (“Registrations”). In addition, the Examiner warned that the Application may be refused if U.S. Application Nos. 86705445 and 86705562 register due to a likelihood of confusion with the applied-for marks; and requested clarification of identified goods and services in the Application.
As detailed below, there is no likelihood of confusion between the Mark and the marks covered by the Registrations because consumers are able to discriminate between and among the marks in a crowded field of PLAYGROUND-related registrations on the Principal Register. Applicant also clarifies the identified goods and services in the Application.
I. NO LIKELIHOOD OF CONFUSION
1. The Mark is entitled to join the crowded field of registered marks incorporating “PLAYGROUND” for games.
The number and nature of registered marks on the Principal Register that incorporate a common term in the relevant field is one of the DuPont likelihood of confusion factors to be given great weight when evidence pertaining thereto is of record. In re E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Co., 476 F.2d 1357, 177 USPQ 563 (CCPA 1973). The greater the number of similar marks in the market, the more consumers are able to distinguish between and among them. See TMEP 1207.01(d)(iii). Thus, with respect to this factor, the Examiner is required to assess the relative strength or weakness of the cited registrations in the relevant field in order to define the scope of protection afforded to them. See id.
The Principal Register contains several applications and registrations, including the Registrations, owned by different entities that incorporate PLAYGROUND for game-related goods or services in Class(es) 9, 41, and/or 42, including the following:
Ser. No. |
Reg. No. |
Mark |
Owner |
88217238 |
|
PLAYGROUND INSULTS |
The British Broadcasting Corporation |
88331253 |
|
PLAY PLAYGROUND |
Immersive Activations Group LLC |
88286827 |
|
THE JAZZ PLAYGROUND |
Nedelchev Rosen; Bryden Benjamin |
87051518 |
5114535 |
MAKE THE WORLD YOUR PLAYGROUND |
Universal Entertainment Group, LLC |
86896225 |
|
BULLSEYE'S PLAYGROUND |
Target Brands,Inc. |
86915880 |
5049600 |
M MOBLAB A PLAYGROUND FOR DECISIONS |
MobLab, Inc. |
86536879 |
4986348 |
NOOBS PLAYGROUND |
Maciag, David |
86739642 |
4959358 |
COPETV - YOUR ENTERTAINMENT PLAYGROUND |
Change of Pace Entertainment, Inc. |
85496908 |
4419140 |
PAVO PLAYGROUND FOR IMAGINATIVE CHILDREN |
Jin Hyung Kim |
79222835 |
5567771 |
URBAN TRIAL PLAYGROUND |
TATE MULTIMEDIA S.A |
79143483 |
4623062 |
ANGRY BIRDS PLAYGROUND |
Rovio Entertainment Corporation |
79204612 |
5288392 |
THE SOUND PLAYGROUND |
JAMAHOOK AG |
78182677 |
3005612 |
IP INTERACTIVE PLAYGROUNDS |
Interactive Playgrounds Inc. |
76360254 |
2706528 |
PEACEFUL PLAYGROUNDS |
Bossenmeyer, Melinda |
See the TSDR reports for the foregoing third party registrations and applications attached as Exhibit A.
We note that the marks covered by the Registrations and the third party applications and registrations listed above are relatively weak compared to each other. Further, due to the numerous registrations and applications for marks incorporating “playground” for games, consumers will surely be able to discriminate between the Mark and the marks covered by the Registrations. See In re Broadway Chicken Inc., 38 U.S.P.Q.2d 1559, 1565 (TTAB 1996) (holding that applicant’s evidence of widespread third-party use of marks containing the term BROADWAY for restaurant services and closely related goods and services is sufficient to show that confusion is not likely to result from the contemporaneous use of applicant’s and registrant’s marks incorporating “BROADWAY” in connection with restaurant services); see also Primrose Retirement Communities, LLC v. Edward Rose Senior Living, LLC, 122 U.S.P.Q.2d 1030 (TTAB 2016) (the Board concluded that customers have been exposed to so many different marks incorporating a common term in connection with relevant services that they are able to distinguish between such marks by focusing on “minute distinctions” between them). Accordingly, the Mark should be allowed to coexist with similar registrations on the Principal Register.
2. Applicant and applicable registrants have dissimilar marks and services.
In addition to the foregoing arguments, the Mark is sufficiently distinguishable from the cited registered marks to avoid likelihood of confusion for the following reasons. First, the Mark – PLAYGROUND – is visually and aurally distinguishable from the marks covered by the Registrations. Visual differences are important in likelihood of confusion analysis because they alter the overall consumer impression associated with the marks in question. See, e.g., In re Electrolyte Labs, Inc., 16 U.S.P.Q.2d 1239, 1240 (Fed. Cir. 1990). In the Action, the Examiner concludes that the marks are similar because they share a common term. See Action at 3. To the contrary, the Examiner is required to compare such marks and the Mark in their entireties without improperly dissecting portions thereof. See In re Nat’l Data Corp., 753 F.2d 1056, 1058 (Fed. Cir. 1985) (noting that “[t]he basic principle in determining confusion between marks is that the marks must be compared in their entireties and must be considered in connection with the particular goods and services for which they are used.”); TMEP § 1207.01(b). Here, compared to the Mark, the cited registered marks combine “PLAYGROUND” with other words like “ELECTRIC,” “EA,” “MATH,” “VIRTUAL,” “CITY,” “DEVIL,” and “POKER.” Compared in their entireties, it is evident that the Mark appears and/or is pronounced differently than the cited registered marks.
Second, certain registrants’ goods/services are limited as described in the applicable Registrations and thus do not overlap with Applicant’s goods and/or services. Specifically, the identified goods for MATH PLAYGROUND (Reg. No. 4130978) is limited to the field of “math education.” Further, identified goods for DEVIL’S PLAYGROUND (Reg. No. 5174086) and PLAYGROUND POKER (Reg. No. 5057879) are limited to gambling games. In contrast, Applicant’s goods and services are in the field of recreational video games with the exception of gambling games. Moreover, due to the nature of the goods and services provided by Applicant and applicable third party registrants in the crowded field, consumers will be able to discriminate between and among the marks with respect to recreational, educational, and gambling games. See In re Broadway Chicken Inc., 38 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1565.
Third, Applicant owns the PLAYGROUND GAMES & Design mark (Reg. No. 4865329) through acquisition. Applicant acquired the registrant, Playground Games Limited, in 2018 and the former is the parent company of the latter. See relevant article attached as Exhibit B. The registrant uses the registered PLAYGROUND GAMES & Design mark in connection with the goods and services recited in registration ‘329, and Applicant exercises control over the nature and quality of such goods and services. It follows that Applicant is the owner of the mark because use of the mark by the registrant inures to the benefit of Applicant. TMEP § 1201.03; 15 U.S.C. § 1055 (“[w]here a registered mark or a mark sought to be registered is or may be used legitimately by related companies, such use shall inure to the benefit of the registrant or applicant for registration, and such use shall not affect the validity of such mark or of its registration, provided such mark is not used in such manner as to deceive the public.”). Thus, the likelihood-of-confusion issue in the Action with respect to registration ‘329 is moot.
3. Cancelled registration.
On February 15, 2019, the USPTO cancelled Registration No. 3463757 for EA PLAYGROUND because registrant did not file an acceptable declaration under Section 8. See cancelled status attached as Exhibit C. Accordingly, the likelihood-of-confusion issue with respect to this registration is moot.
4. Cited prior applications have been abandoned.
The Examiner asserted that there is a likelihood of confusion between the Mark and prior-filed application Serial Nos. 86705445 and 86705562 (“Prior Applications”), and indicated that the Application may be suspended pending disposition of the Prior Applications. According to the record, due to failure to file Statements of Use within the required period, the USPTO issued Notices of Abandonment for the Prior Applications. See relevant documents attached as Exhibit D. We also understand that the period to revive such applications have expired. See TMEP § 1714; 37 C.F.R. § 2.66.
Accordingly, the likelihood-of-confusion issues with respect to Prior Applications, to the extent they were raised in the Action, are moot because such applications have been abandoned and no longer qualify as prior-filed applications with respect to Applicant’s Application.
II. CLARIFICATION OF GOODS AND SERVICES
As provided in the TEAS form, Applicant clarifies the goods and services in the Application as follows:
Class 9
“Entertainment software, namely, electronic game software; interactive entertainment software, namely, electronic game software; application software, namely, electronic game software; sound recordings featuring electronic game sound tracks; video recordings featuring electronic game tournaments; pre-recorded motion picturefilms featuring electronic game tournaments; animated motion picturefilms featuring electronic game tournaments; motion picture films featuring electronic game tournaments”
Class 41
“Entertainment services, namely, providing online non-downloadable electronic games; provision of entertainment software, namely, online non-downloadable electronic game software; providing entertainment information on video games, computer games and related products, and on the video game and computer game industries; providing non-downloadable online videos in the field of video games by computer networks; providing educational and instructional services, namely, classes, seminars, expos, and conferences, relating to video games and providing information about video games; entertainment services, namely, providing online electronic games; providing non-downloadable online electronic publications, namely, online journals and interactive online logs featuring user generated or specified content in the field of video games; providing non-downloadable online music by computer networks; providing non-downloadable online games by computer network; providing temporary use of non-downloadable electronic games; information, advisory and consultancy services relating to all of the foregoing”
Class 42
“Computer software design; designing of entertainment software; developing of entertainment software; design, development and implementation of entertainment software for the purpose of testing of entertainment software; design, programming, and maintenance of software for consumer video games; updating of entertainment software; information, advisory and consultancy services relating to all of the foregoing”
III. CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing, Applicant respectfully requests that the Examiner withdraw the refusal and allow the Application to proceed.