To: | Busby, Laura L (hopetochangelives@icloud.com) |
Subject: | U.S. TRADEMARK APPLICATION NO. 88154133 - ZOMBIE - N/A |
Sent: | 1/24/2019 10:53:33 AM |
Sent As: | ECOM123@USPTO.GOV |
Attachments: | Attachment - 1 Attachment - 2 Attachment - 3 Attachment - 4 Attachment - 5 Attachment - 6 Attachment - 7 Attachment - 8 Attachment - 9 Attachment - 10 Attachment - 11 Attachment - 12 Attachment - 13 Attachment - 14 Attachment - 15 Attachment - 16 Attachment - 17 Attachment - 18 |
UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE (USPTO)
OFFICE ACTION (OFFICIAL LETTER) ABOUT APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION
U.S. APPLICATION SERIAL NO. 88154133
MARK: ZOMBIE
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CORRESPONDENT ADDRESS: |
CLICK HERE TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER: http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp
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APPLICANT: Busby, Laura L
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CORRESPONDENT’S REFERENCE/DOCKET NO: CORRESPONDENT E-MAIL ADDRESS: |
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OFFICE ACTION
TO AVOID ABANDONMENT OF APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION, THE USPTO MUST RECEIVE APPLICANT’S COMPLETE RESPONSE TO THIS LETTER WITHIN 6 MONTHS OF THE ISSUE/MAILING DATE BELOW. A RESPONSE TRANSMITTED THROUGH THE TRADEMARK ELECTRONIC APPLICATION SYSTEM (TEAS) MUST BE RECEIVED BEFORE MIDNIGHT EASTERN TIME OF THE LAST DAY OF THE RESPONSE PERIOD.
ISSUE/MAILING DATE: 1/24/2019
The referenced application has been reviewed by the assigned trademark examining attorney. Applicant must respond timely and completely to the issue below. 15 U.S.C. §1062(b); 37 C.F.R. §§2.62(a), 2.65(a); TMEP §§711, 718.03.
A trademark counsel advisory is also included herein.
SECTION 2(d) REFUSAL – LIKELIHOOD OF CONFUSION
Here, the applicant’s mark is ZOMBIE for "baseball caps; sweatshirts; tank-tops; hooded sweatshirts; short-sleeved or long-sleeved t-shirts" in International Class 025.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4508090 is ZOMBIE BASEBALL for "apparel for dancers, namely, tee shirts, sweatshirts, pants, leggings, shorts and jackets; athletic apparel, namely, shirts, pants, jackets, footwear, hats and caps, athletic uniforms; athletic shirts; athletic shorts; bermuda shorts; boxer shorts; button down shirts; camouflage shirts; camp shirts; clothing for athletic use, namely, padded shirts; clothing for athletic use, namely, padded shorts; cycling shorts; gym shorts; rugby shirts; shirt fronts; shirts; shirts and short-sleeved shirts; short-sleeved or long-sleeved t-shirts; short-sleeved shirts; shorts; sleep shirts; snap crotch shirts for infants and toddlers; sport shirts; sports shirts; sports shirts with short sleeves; sweat shirts; sweat shorts; t-shirts; tee shirts; wind shirts" in International Class 025.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4508091 is ZOMBIE FOOTBALL for "apparel for dancers, namely, tee shirts, sweatshirts, pants, leggings, shorts and jackets; athletic apparel, namely, shirts, pants, jackets, footwear, hats and caps, athletic uniforms; athletic shirts; athletic shorts; bermuda shorts; board shorts; boxer shorts; boxing shorts; button down shirts; camouflage shirts; camp shirts; clothing for babies, toddlers and children, treated with fire and heat retardants, namely, pajamas, jackets, shirts, pants, jumpers; collared shirts; cycling shorts; golf pants, shirts and skirts; golf shirts; gym shorts; hooded sweat shirts; hunting shirts; long-sleeved shirts; polo shirts; rugby shirts; shirts; shirts and short-sleeved shirts; short-sleeved shirts; shorts; sport shirts; sports shirts; sweat shirts; sweat shorts; t-shirts; tee shirts" in International Class 025.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4404119 is ZOMBIE LACROSSE for "athletic apparel, namely, shirts, pants, jackets, footwear, hats and caps, athletic uniforms; athletic footwear; athletic shoes; athletic tights; athletic uniforms; baseball caps and hats; body shirts; boxer shorts; button down shirts; camouflage pants; clothing for athletic use, namely, padded pants; clothing for athletic use, namely, padded shirts; clothing for athletic use, namely, padded shorts; clothing, namely, athletic sleeves; collared shirts; footwear for track and field athletics; gloves as clothing; gloves for apparel; golf shorts; gym shorts; headbands for clothing; hooded sweatshirts; hoods; jackets; jerseys; perspiration absorbent underwear clothing; short sets; short-sleeved or long-sleeved t-shirts; short-sleeved shirts; shorts; sports shirts with short sleeves; stretch pants; sweatshirts; t-shirts; t-shirts for men, women, adults, children, babies; triathlon clothing, namely, triathlon tights, triathlon shorts, triathlon singlets, triathlon shirts, triathlon suits; wearable garments and clothing, namely, shirts; women's athletic tops with built-in bras; women's clothing, namely, shirts, dresses, skirts, blouses" in International Class 025.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4523368 is ZOMBIE SOCCER for "apparel for dancers, namely, tee shirts, sweatshirts, pants, leggings, shorts and jackets; athletic apparel, namely, shirts, pants, jackets, footwear, hats and caps, athletic uniforms; athletic shirts; athletic shorts; bermuda shorts; boxer shorts; boxing shorts; button down shirts; camouflage shirts; camp shirts; collared shirts; cycling shorts; golf shirts; gym shorts; hooded sweat shirts; hunting shirts; long-sleeved shirts; polo shirts; rugby shirts; shirts; shirts and short-sleeved shirts; short-sleeved shirts; shorts; sport shirts; sports shirts; sports shirts with short sleeves; sweat shirts; sweat shorts; t-shirts; tee shirts" in International Class 025.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4404143 is ZOMBIE SPORTS for "a-shirts; apparel for dancers, namely, tee shirts, sweatshirts, pants, leggings, shorts and jackets; athletic apparel, namely, shirts, pants, jackets, footwear, hats and caps, athletic uniforms; babies' pants; balloon pants; baseball caps and hats; bermuda shorts; board shorts; body shirts; boxer shorts; boxing shorts; button down shirts; button-front aloha shirts; camouflage pants; camouflage shirts; camp shirts; capri pants; cargo pants; chef's hats; clothing for athletic use, namely, padded pants; clothing for athletic use, namely, padded shirts; clothing for athletic use, namely, padded shorts; clothing for babies, toddlers and children, treated with fire and heat retardants, namely, pajamas, jackets, shirts, pants, jumpers; collared shirts; crop pants; cycling shorts; denims; dress pants; dress shirts; fleece shorts; flood pants; fur hats; golf pants, shirts and skirts; golf shirts; golf shorts; gym pants; gym shorts; hat bands; hats; hats for infants, babies, toddlers and children; hooded sweat shirts; hunting pants; hunting shirts; jeggings, namely, pants that are partially jeans and partially leggings; jogging pants; knit shirts; leather hats; leather pants; leather shirts; leg shielding device, attachable to and detachable from a person's pants, comprised of padding to shield the legs from flying debris when mowing with a string trimmer; long-sleeved shirts; lounge pants; moisture-wicking sports pants; moisture-wicking sports shirts; non-disposable cloth training pants; open-necked shirts; pants; polo shirts; rugby shirts; rugby shorts; shirts; shirts and short-sleeved shirts; shirts for suits; short-sleeved or long-sleeved t-shirts; short-sleeved shirts; shorts; ski pants; sleep pants; sleep shirts; snow pants; snowboard pants; sport shirts; sports caps and hats; sports pants; sports shirts; sports shirts with short sleeves; stretch pants; sweat pants; sweat shirts; sweat shorts; t-shirts; t-shirts for children, infants, adults; tee shirts; toboggan hats, pants and caps; track pants; travel clothing contained in a package comprising reversible jackets, pants, skirts, tops and a belt or scarf; triathlon clothing, namely, triathlon tights, triathlon shorts, triathlon singlets, triathlon shirts, triathlon suits; turtle neck shirts; underwear, namely, boy shorts; walking shorts; waterproof jackets and pants; wearable garments and clothing, namely, shirts; wind pants; wind shirts" in International Class 025.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 5002235 is CYCLE ZOMBIES for "apparel, namely, shirts, tops, hats, pants, shorts, jackets, socks, underwear, belts" in International Class 025.
Trademark Act Section 2(d) bars registration of an applied-for mark that is so similar to a registered mark that it is likely consumers would be confused, mistaken, or deceived as to the commercial source of the goods of the parties. See 15 U.S.C. §1052(d). Likelihood of confusion is determined on a case-by-case basis by applying the factors set forth in In re E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 476 F.2d 1357, 1361, 177 USPQ 563, 567 (C.C.P.A. 1973) (called the “du Pont factors”). In re i.am.symbolic, llc, 866 F.3d 1315, 1322, 123 USPQ2d 1744, 1747 (Fed. Cir. 2017). Only those factors that are “relevant and of record” need be considered. M2 Software, Inc. v. M2 Commc’ns, Inc., 450 F.3d 1378, 1382, 78 USPQ2d 1944, 1947 (Fed. Cir. 2006) (citing Shen Mfg. Co. v. Ritz Hotel Ltd., 393 F.3d 1238, 1241, 73 USPQ2d 1350, 1353 (Fed. Cir. 2004)); see In re Inn at St. John’s, LLC, 126 USPQ2d 1742, 1744 (TTAB 2018).
Although not all du Pont factors may be relevant, there are generally two key considerations in any likelihood of confusion analysis: (1) the similarities between the compared marks and (2) the relatedness of the compared goods. See In re i.am.symbolic, llc, 866 F.3d at 1322, 123 USPQ2d at 1747 (quoting Herbko Int’l, Inc. v. Kappa Books, Inc., 308 F.3d 1156, 1164-65, 64 USPQ2d 1375, 1380 (Fed. Cir. 2002)); Federated Foods, Inc. v. Fort Howard Paper Co.,544 F.2d 1098, 1103, 192 USPQ 24, 29 (C.C.P.A. 1976) (“The fundamental inquiry mandated by [Section] 2(d) goes to the cumulative effect of differences in the essential characteristics of the goods [or services] and differences in the marks.”); TMEP §1207.01.
Comparison of the Marks
Marks are compared in their entireties for similarities in appearance, sound, connotation, and commercial impression. Stone Lion Capital Partners, LP v. Lion Capital LLP, 746 F.3d 1317, 1321, 110 USPQ2d 1157, 1160 (Fed. Cir. 2014) (quoting Palm Bay Imps., Inc. v. Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee En 1772, 396 F.3d 1369, 1371, 73 USPQ2d 1689, 1691 (Fed. Cir. 2005)); TMEP §1207.01(b)-(b)(v). “Similarity in any one of these elements may be sufficient to find the marks confusingly similar.” In re Inn at St. John’s, LLC, 126 USPQ2d 1742, 1746 (TTAB 2018) (citing In re Davia, 110 USPQ2d 1810, 1812 (TTAB 2014)); TMEP §1207.01(b).
Applicant’s mark is ZOMBIE in standard character format.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4508090 is ZOMBIE BASEBALL in standard character format.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4508091 is ZOMBIE FOOTBALL in standard character format.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4404119 is ZOMBIE LACROSSE in standard character format.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4523368 is ZOMBIE SOCCER in standard character format.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 4404143 is ZOMBIE SPORTS in standard character format.
Registrant’s mark in registration number 5002235 is CYCLE ZOMBIES in standard character format.
In this case, the applicant's mark along with registration numbers 4508090; 4508091; 4404119; 4523368; and 4404143 are confusingly similar because they feature the word ZOMBIE as the first portion of the marks. The word ZOMBIE appears at the beginning of the registered marks and as the entirety of the applied-for mark. As such, a consumer’s eye would be drawn to this word and the consumer would be more likely to utilize it in calling for the goods. Consumers are generally more inclined to focus on the first word, prefix, or syllable in any trademark or service mark. See Palm Bay Imps., Inc. v. Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee En 1772, 396 F.3d 1369, 1372, 73 USPQ2d 1689, 1692 (Fed. Cir. 2005) (finding similarity between VEUVE ROYALE and two VEUVE CLICQUOT marks in part because “VEUVE . . . remains a ‘prominent feature’ as the first word in the mark and the first word to appear on the label”); Century 21 Real Estate Corp. v. Century Life of Am., 970 F.2d 874, 876, 23 USPQ2d 1698, 1700 (Fed Cir. 1992) (finding similarity between CENTURY 21 and CENTURY LIFE OF AMERICA in part because “consumers must first notice th[e] identical lead word”); see also In re Detroit Athletic Co., 903 F.3d 1297, 1303, 128 USPQ2d 1047, 1049 (Fed. Cir. 2018) (finding “the identity of the marks’ two initial words is particularly significant because consumers typically notice those words first”).
In fact, although marks are compared in their entireties, one feature of a mark may be more significant or dominant in creating a commercial impression. See In re Viterra Inc., 671 F.3d 1358, 1362, 101 USPQ2d 1905, 1908 (Fed. Cir. 2012); In re Nat’l Data Corp., 753 F.2d 1056, 1058, 224 USPQ 749, 751 (Fed. Cir. 1985); TMEP §1207.01(b)(viii), (c)(ii). Disclaimed matter that is descriptive of or generic for a party’s goods and/or services is typically less significant or less dominant when comparing marks. In re Detroit Athletic Co., 903 F.3d 1297, 1305, 128 USPQ2d 1047, 1050 (Fed. Cir. 2018) (citing In re Dixie Rests., Inc., 105 F.3d 1405, 1407, 41 USPQ2d 1531, 1533-34 (Fed. Cir. 1997)); TMEP §1207.01(b)(viii), (c)(ii). In this case, the marks are identical in substantial part. The registered marks wholly encompass the applied for mark, which simply removes the descriptive portion of the mark from its applied-for mark. Accordingly, a consumer encountering the marks are likely to believe the applicant's mark originates from the same source as the registered marks.
With regard to registration number 5002235, CYCLE ZOMBIES, the applicant has similarly deleted the disclaimed portion of the mark, CYCLE. The descriptive portion of the mark adds no significant source indicating value to the marks. Accordingly, a consumer considering the dominant portion of the marks would find ZOMBIES and ZOMBIE to be confusingly similar.
Therefore, the marks are confusingly similar.
Comparison of the Goods
A description of the goods at issue are included above and will not be restated here.
Determining likelihood of confusion is based on the description of the goods stated in the application and registration at issue, not on extrinsic evidence of actual use. See In re Detroit Athletic Co., 903 F.3d 1297, 1307, 128 USPQ2d 1047, 1052 (Fed. Cir. 2018) (citing In re i.am.symbolic, llc, 866 F.3d 1315, 1325, 123 USPQ2d 1744, 1749 (Fed. Cir. 2017)).
In this case, the registrations use broad wording to describe its goods, which presumably encompasses all goods of the type described, including applicant’s more narrow goods. See, e.g., In re Solid State Design Inc., 125 USPQ2d 1409, 1412-15 (TTAB 2018); Sw. Mgmt., Inc. v. Ocinomled, Ltd., 115 USPQ2d 1007, 1025 (TTAB 2015).
Additionally, the goods of the parties have no restrictions as to nature, type, channels of trade, or classes of purchasers and are “presumed to travel in the same channels of trade to the same class of purchasers.” In re Viterra Inc., 671 F.3d 1358, 1362, 101 USPQ2d 1905, 1908 (Fed. Cir. 2012) (quoting Hewlett-Packard Co. v. Packard Press, Inc., 281 F.3d 1261, 1268, 62 USPQ2d 1001, 1005 (Fed. Cir. 2002)). Thus, applicant’s and registrant’s goods are related.
Thus, upon encountering ZOMBIE, CYCLE ZOMBIES, ZOMBIE FOOTBALL, ZOMBIE LACROSSE, ZOMBIE BASEBALL, ZOMBIE SPORTS and ZOMBIE SOCCER used on the identified goods, consumers are likely to be confused and mistakenly believe that the respective goods emanate from a common source. Accordingly, registration of the applied-for mark is refused because of a likelihood of confusion with the mark in U.S. Registration Nos. 5002235; 4508090; 4508091; 4404119; 4523368; 4404143. Trademark Act Section 2(d), 15 U.S.C. §1052(d); see TMEP §§1207.01 et seq.
TRADEMARK COUNSEL ADVISORY
For attorney referral information, applicant may consult the American Bar Association’s Consumers’ Guide to Legal Help; an online directory of legal professionals, such as FindLaw®; or a local telephone directory. The USPTO, however, may not assist an applicant in the selection of a private attorney. 37 C.F.R. §2.11.
Response guidelines. For this application to proceed, applicant must explicitly address each refusal and/or requirement in this Office action. For a refusal, applicant may provide written arguments and evidence against the refusal, and may have other response options if specified above. For a requirement, applicant should set forth the changes or statements. Please see “Responding to Office Actions” and the informational video “Response to Office Action” for more information and tips on responding.
TEAS PLUS OR TEAS REDUCED FEE (TEAS RF) APPLICANTS – TO MAINTAIN LOWER FEE, ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS MUST BE MET, INCLUDING SUBMITTING DOCUMENTS ONLINE: Applicants who filed their application online using the lower-fee TEAS Plus or TEAS RF application form must (1) file certain documents online using TEAS, including responses to Office actions (see TMEP §§819.02(b), 820.02(b) for a complete list of these documents); (2) maintain a valid e-mail correspondence address; and (3) agree to receive correspondence from the USPTO by e-mail throughout the prosecution of the application. See 37 C.F.R. §§2.22(b), 2.23(b); TMEP §§819, 820. TEAS Plus or TEAS RF applicants who do not meet these requirements must submit an additional processing fee of $125 per class of goods and/or services. 37 C.F.R. §§2.6(a)(1)(v), 2.22(c), 2.23(c); TMEP §§819.04, 820.04. However, in certain situations, TEAS Plus or TEAS RF applicants may respond to an Office action by authorizing an examiner’s amendment by telephone or e-mail without incurring this additional fee.
Radcliff, Brent
/Brent M. Radcliff/
Examining Attorney
Trademark Law Office 123
(571) 270-0855
brent.radcliff@uspto.gov
TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER: Go to http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp. Please wait 48-72 hours from the issue/mailing date before using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), to allow for necessary system updates of the application. For technical assistance with online forms, e-mail TEAS@uspto.gov. For questions about the Office action itself, please contact the assigned trademark examining attorney. E-mail communications will not be accepted as responses to Office actions; therefore, do not respond to this Office action by e-mail.
All informal e-mail communications relevant to this application will be placed in the official application record.
WHO MUST SIGN THE RESPONSE: It must be personally signed by an individual applicant or someone with legal authority to bind an applicant (i.e., a corporate officer, a general partner, all joint applicants). If an applicant is represented by an attorney, the attorney must sign the response.
PERIODICALLY CHECK THE STATUS OF THE APPLICATION: To ensure that applicant does not miss crucial deadlines or official notices, check the status of the application every three to four months using the Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR) system at http://tsdr.gov.uspto.report/. Please keep a copy of the TSDR status screen. If the status shows no change for more than six months, contact the Trademark Assistance Center by e-mail at TrademarkAssistanceCenter@uspto.gov or call 1-800-786-9199. For more information on checking status, see http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/process/status/.
TO UPDATE CORRESPONDENCE/E-MAIL ADDRESS: Use the TEAS form at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/correspondence.jsp.