UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE (USPTO)

OFFICE ACTION (OFFICIAL LETTER) ABOUT APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION

 

 

 

OFFICE ACTION

 

STRICT DEADLINE TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER

 

TO AVOID ABANDONMENT OF APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION, THE USPTO MUST RECEIVE APPLICANT’S COMPLETE RESPONSE TO THIS LETTER WITHIN 6 MONTHS OF THE ISSUE/MAILING DATE BELOW.

 

ISSUE/MAILING DATE: 4/24/2014

 

The referenced application has been reviewed by the assigned trademark examining attorney.  Applicant must respond timely and completely to the issue(s) below.  15 U.S.C. §1062(b); 37 C.F.R. §§2.62(a), 2.65(a); TMEP §§711, 718.03.

 

No Similar Marks to Bar Registration

 

The trademark examining attorney has searched the Office’s database of registered and pending marks and has found no conflicting marks that would bar registration under Trademark Act Section 2(d).  TMEP §704.02; see 15 U.S.C. §1052(d).

 

1.      Substitute Specimen Required – Mark Not Shown with any of the Services Specified in the Application

 

Registration is refused because the specimen does not show the applied-for mark in use in commerce in connection with any of the services specified in the application.  15 U.S.C. §§1051, 1127; 37 C.F.R. §§2.34(a)(1)(iv), 2.56(a); TMEP §§904, 904.07(a).  Specifically, the mark PEARL ENTERPRISES appears to identify the source of generic replacement toothbrush heads, not an online store featuring said goods.  The marks on the specimen showing identifying the online retailer are Amazon.com or Mary’s-Market, not Pearl Enterprises.  Moreover, it would beyond the scope of the services set for at the time of filing to amend the identification of goods to toothbrush heads.

 

An application based on Trademark Act Section 1(a) must include a specimen showing the applied-for mark in use in commerce for each international class of services identified in the application.  15 U.S.C. §1051(a)(1); 37 C.F.R. §§2.34(a)(1)(iv), 2.56(a); TMEP §§904, 904.07(a). 

 

Accordingly, registration is refused because the applicant has failed to evidence usage of the mark with the services identified in the application.  Although applicant’s mark has been refused registration, applicant may respond to the refusal(s) by submitting evidence and arguments in support of registration.

 

Applicant may respond to this refusal by satisfying one of the following:

 

(1)   Submit a different specimen (a verified “substitute” specimen) that (a) was in actual use in commerce at least as early as the filing date of the application or prior to the filing of an amendment to allege use and (b) shows the mark in actual use in commerce for the goods and/or services identified in the application.

 

(2)   Amend the filing basis to intent to use under Section 1(b), for which no specimen is required.  This option will later necessitate additional fee(s) and filing requirements such as providing a specimen at a subsequent date.

 

For an overview of both response options referenced above and instructions on how to satisfy either option online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) form, please go to http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/law/specimen.jsp.

 

Substitute Specimen Requirements

 

To submit a verified specimen online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), applicant should do the following:  (1) answer “yes” to the TEAS response form wizard question to “submit a new or substitute specimen,” (2) attach a jpg or pdf file of the specimen, (3) describe what the specimen consists of, and (4) select the statement that “The substitute (or new, if appropriate) specimen(s) was/were in use in commerce at least as early as the filing date of the application.”  These steps appear on different pages of the TEAS response form. 

 

Examples of specimens for services may include advertising and marketing materials, brochures, photographs of business signage and billboards, and website printouts that show the mark used in the actual sale, rendering, or advertising of the services.  See TMEP §§1301.04 et seq.

 

Applicant may submit a declaration online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) response to Office action form at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp.  When in the screen of the TEAS response form wizard, answer “yes” to the wizard question relating to submitting a “signed declaration,” and follow the instructions within the form for signing.  See 37 C.F.R. §§2.20, 2.33(a)-(b)(1), 2.193(a)-(e)(1); TMEP §§611.01(c), 804.01(b). 

 

To properly “sign” a form online in the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), applicant can do one of the following:

 

(1)        Enter in the signature block any combination of letters, numbers, spaces and/or punctuation marks that the filer has adopted as a signature, placed between two forward slash (/) symbols (e.g., /john doe/);

 

(2)        E-mail the completed form from within TEAS to a second party for his/her electronic signature, which will then be automatically returned to the original preparer for submission with the form; or

 

(3)        Fill out the form online, print it in text format, and mail or fax it to the signatory who will sign the printed form in the traditional pen-and-ink manner.  The signature portion, along with a declaration, if required, is then scanned to create a jpg or pdf image file and attached to the form for electronic submission. 

 

See 37 C.F.R. §2.193(c); TMEP §611.01(c). 

 

For each method, the proper signatory must personally sign or personally enter his/her electronic signature.  See 37 C.F.R. §2.193(a); TMEP §§611.01(c), 611.02.  The name of the signatory must also be printed or typed immediately below or adjacent to the signature, or identified elsewhere in the filing.  37 C.F.R. §2.193(d); TMEP §611.01(c).

 

The following persons are properly authorized to sign a verification or declaration on behalf of an applicant:

 

(1)   A person with legal authority to bind the applicant (e.g., a corporate officer or general partner);

 

(2)   A person with firsthand knowledge of the facts and actual or implied authority to act on behalf of the applicant; or

 

(3)   An authorized attorney who has an actual written or verbal power of attorney or an implied power of attorney from the applicant.

 

37 C.F.R. §§2.33(a), 2.193(e)(1); TMEP §§611.03(a), 804.04; see 37 C.F.R. §§11.1, 11.14.

 

Option to Amend to an Intent-to-Use Basis

 

If the applicant cannot meet the requirements of the use basis, then the applicant may wish to amend to an intent-to-use basis.

 

An application based on a bona fide intention to use the mark in commerce must include the following statement, verified with an affidavit or signed declaration under 37 C.F.R. §2.20:

 

Applicant has had a bona fide intention to use the mark in commerce on or in connection with the goods or services listed in the application as of the filing date of the application.

 

15 U.S.C. §1051(b)(3)(B); 37 C.F.R. §2.34(a)(2); TMEP §806.01(b); see 37 C.F.R. §2.193(e)(1).

 

Applicant may submit a declaration online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) response to Office action form at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp.  When in the screen of the TEAS response form wizard, answer “yes” to the wizard question relating to submitting a “signed declaration,” and follow the instructions within the form for signing.  See 37 C.F.R. §§2.20, 2.33(a)-(b)(1), 2.193(a)-(e)(1); TMEP §§611.01(c), 804.01(b). 

 

To properly “sign” a form online in the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), applicant can do one of the following:

 

(1)        Enter in the signature block any combination of letters, numbers, spaces and/or punctuation marks that the filer has adopted as a signature, placed between two forward slash (/) symbols (e.g., /john doe/);

 

(2)        E-mail the completed form from within TEAS to a second party for his/her electronic signature, which will then be automatically returned to the original preparer for submission with the form; or

 

(3)        Fill out the form online, print it in text format, and mail or fax it to the signatory who will sign the printed form in the traditional pen-and-ink manner.  The signature portion, along with a declaration, if required, is then scanned to create a jpg or pdf image file and attached to the form for electronic submission. 

 

See 37 C.F.R. §2.193(c); TMEP §611.01(c). 

 

For each method, the proper signatory must personally sign or personally enter his/her electronic signature.  See 37 C.F.R. §2.193(a); TMEP §§611.01(c), 611.02.  The name of the signatory must also be printed or typed immediately below or adjacent to the signature, or identified elsewhere in the filing.  37 C.F.R. §2.193(d); TMEP §611.01(c).

 

The following persons are properly authorized to sign a verification or declaration on behalf of an applicant:

 

(1)   A person with legal authority to bind the applicant (e.g., a corporate officer or general partner);

 

(2)   A person with firsthand knowledge of the facts and actual or implied authority to act on behalf of the applicant; or

 

(3)   An authorized attorney who has an actual written or verbal power of attorney or an implied power of attorney from the applicant.

 

37 C.F.R. §§2.33(a), 2.193(e)(1); TMEP §§611.03(a), 804.04; see 37 C.F.R. §§11.1, 11.14.

 

2. Disclaimer of Descriptive Wording

 

Applicant must disclaim the descriptive wording “ENTERPRISES” apart from the mark as shown because it merely describes an ingredient, quality, characteristic, function, feature, purpose, or use of applicant’s services.  See 15 U.S.C. §§1052(e)(1), 1056(a); DuoProSS Meditech Corp. v. Inviro Med. Devices, Ltd., 695 F.3d 1247, 1251, 103 USPQ2d 1753, 1755 (Fed. Cir. 2012) (quoting In re Oppedahl & Larson LLP, 373 F.3d 1171, 1173, 71 USPQ2d 1370, 1371 (Fed. Cir. 2004)); In re Steelbuilding.com, 415 F.3d 1293, 1297, 75 USPQ2d 1420, 1421 (Fed. Cir. 2005). 

 

Moreover, terms that describe the provider of a service may also be merely descriptive of the service.  See In re The Chamber of Commerce of the U.S., 675 F.3d 1297, 1301, 102 USPQ2d 1217, 1220 (Fed. Cir. 2012) (affirming Board’s finding that NATIONAL CHAMBER was merely descriptive of online service providing directory information for local and state chambers of commerce and business and regulatory data analysis services to promote the interest of businessmen and businesswomen); In re Major League Umpires, 60 USPQ2d 1059, 1060 (TTAB 2001) (holding MAJOR LEAGUE UMPIRE merely descriptive of clothing, face masks, chest protectors and shin guards); TMEP §1209.03(q).

 

ENTERPRISES is defined as, “A business organization.” See attached dictionary definition of ENTERPRISES.  In this case, the applicant is a business organization in the nature of a limited liability company offering on-line retail stores.  Thus, the wording merely describes the provider of the applicant’s services and must be disclaimed.

 

An applicant may not claim exclusive rights to terms or designs that others may need to use to describe or show their goods or services in the marketplace.  See Dena Corp. v. Belvedere Int’l, Inc., 950 F.2d 1555, 1560, 21 USPQ2d 1047, 1051 (Fed. Cir. 1991); In re Aug. Storck KG, 218 USPQ 823, 825 (TTAB 1983).  A disclaimer of unregistrable matter does not affect the appearance of the mark; that is, a disclaimer does not physically remove the disclaimed matter from the mark.  See Schwarzkopf v. John H. Breck, Inc., 340 F.2d 978, 978, 144 USPQ 433, 433 (C.C.P.A. 1965); TMEP §1213. 

 

If applicant does not provide the required disclaimer, the USPTO may refuse to register the entire mark.  See In re Stereotaxis Inc., 429 F.3d 1039, 1040-41, 77 USPQ2d 1087, 1088-89 (Fed. Cir. 2005); TMEP §1213.01(b).

 

Applicant should submit a disclaimer in the following standardized format:

 

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use “ENTERPRISES” apart from the mark as shown.

 

For an overview of disclaimers and instructions on how to satisfy this disclaimer requirement online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) form, please go to http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/law/disclaimer.jsp.

 

RESPONDING TO THIS OFFICE ACTION

 

To expedite prosecution of the application, applicant is encouraged to file its response to this Office action online via the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), which is available at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/index.jsp. 

 

If applicant has technical questions about the TEAS response to Office action form, applicant can review the electronic filing tips available online at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/e_filing_tips.jsp and email technical questions to TEAS@uspto.gov.

 

If applicant has questions regarding this Office action, please telephone or e-mail the assigned trademark examining attorney.  All relevant e-mail communications will be placed in the official application record; however, an e-mail communication will not be accepted as a response to this Office action and will not extend the deadline for filing a proper response.  See 37 C.F.R. §2.191; TMEP §§304.01-.02, 709.04-.05.  Further, although the trademark examining attorney may provide additional explanation pertaining to the refusal(s) and/or requirement(s) in this Office action, the trademark examining attorney may not provide legal advice or statements about applicant’s rights.  See TMEP §§705.02, 709.06.

 

TEAS PLUS APPLICANTS MUST SUBMIT DOCUMENTS ELECTRONICALLY OR SUBMIT FEE

 

Applicants who filed their application online using the reduced-fee TEAS Plus application must continue to submit certain documents online using TEAS, including responses to Office actions.  See 37 C.F.R. §2.23(a)(1).  For a complete list of these documents, see TMEP §819.02(b).  In addition, such applicants must accept correspondence from the Office via e-mail throughout the examination process and must maintain a valid e-mail address.  37 C.F.R. §2.23(a)(2); TMEP §§819, 819.02(a).  TEAS Plus applicants who do not meet these requirements must submit an additional fee of $50 per international class of goods and/or services.  37 C.F.R. §2.6(a)(1)(iv); TMEP §819.04.  In appropriate situations and where all issues can be resolved by amendment, responding by telephone to authorize an examiner’s amendment will not incur this additional fee.

 

 

/Eli J. Hellman/

Trademark Examining Attorney

United States Patent & Trademark Office

Law Office 112

(571) 272-8276

eli.hellman@uspto.gov

 

TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER:  Go to http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp.  Please wait 48-72 hours from the issue/mailing date before using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), to allow for necessary system updates of the application.  For technical assistance with online forms, e-mail TEAS@uspto.gov.  For questions about the Office action itself, please contact the assigned trademark examining attorney.  E-mail communications will not be accepted as responses to Office actions; therefore, do not respond to this Office action by e-mail.

 

All informal e-mail communications relevant to this application will be placed in the official application record.

 

WHO MUST SIGN THE RESPONSE:  It must be personally signed by an individual applicant or someone with legal authority to bind an applicant (i.e., a corporate officer, a general partner, all joint applicants).  If an applicant is represented by an attorney, the attorney must sign the response. 

 

PERIODICALLY CHECK THE STATUS OF THE APPLICATION:  To ensure that applicant does not miss crucial deadlines or official notices, check the status of the application every three to four months using the Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR) system at http://tsdr.gov.uspto.report/.  Please keep a copy of the TSDR status screen.  If the status shows no change for more than six months, contact the Trademark Assistance Center by e-mail at TrademarkAssistanceCenter@uspto.gov or call 1-800-786-9199.  For more information on checking status, see http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/process/status/.

 

TO UPDATE CORRESPONDENCE/E-MAIL ADDRESS:  Use the TEAS form at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/correspondence.jsp.

 

 

UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE (USPTO)

 

 

IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING YOUR

U.S. TRADEMARK APPLICATION

 

USPTO OFFICE ACTION (OFFICIAL LETTER) HAS ISSUED

ON 4/24/2014 FOR U.S. APPLICATION SERIAL NO. 86165972

 

Please follow the instructions below:

 

(1)  TO READ THE LETTER:  Click on this link or go to http://tsdr.uspto.gov,enter the U.S. application serial number, and click on “Documents.”

 

The Office action may not be immediately viewable, to allow for necessary system updates of the application, but will be available within 24 hours of this e-mail notification.

 

(2)  TIMELY RESPONSE IS REQUIRED:  Please carefully review the Office action to determine (1) how to respond, and (2) the applicable response time period.  Your response deadline will be calculated from 4/24/2014 (or sooner if specified in the Office action).  For information regarding response time periods, see http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/process/status/responsetime.jsp.

 

Do NOT hit “Reply” to this e-mail notification, or otherwise e-mail your response because the USPTO does NOT accept e-mails as responses to Office actions.  Instead, the USPTO recommends that you respond online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) response form located at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp.

 

(3)  QUESTIONS:  For questions about the contents of the Office action itself, please contact the assigned trademark examining attorney.  For technical assistance in accessing or viewing the Office action in the Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR) system, please e-mail TSDR@uspto.gov.

 

WARNING

 

Failure to file the required response by the applicable response deadline will result in the ABANDONMENT of your application.  For more information regarding abandonment, see http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/basics/abandon.jsp.

 

PRIVATE COMPANY SOLICITATIONS REGARDING YOUR APPLICATION:  Private companies not associated with the USPTO are using information provided in trademark applications to mail or e-mail trademark-related solicitations.  These companies often use names that closely resemble the USPTO and their solicitations may look like an official government document.  Many solicitations require that you pay “fees.” 

 

Please carefully review all correspondence you receive regarding this application to make sure that you are responding to an official document from the USPTO rather than a private company solicitation.  All official USPTO correspondence will be mailed only from the “United States Patent and Trademark Office” in Alexandria, VA; or sent by e-mail from the domain “@uspto.gov.”  For more information on how to handle private company solicitations, see http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/solicitation_warnings.jsp.