UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE (USPTO)

OFFICE ACTION (OFFICIAL LETTER) ABOUT APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION

 

 

 

OFFICE ACTION

 

STRICT DEADLINE TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER

TO AVOID ABANDONMENT OF APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION, THE USPTO MUST RECEIVE APPLICANT’S COMPLETE RESPONSE TO THIS LETTER WITHIN 6 MONTHS OF THE ISSUE/MAILING DATE BELOW.

 

ISSUE/MAILING DATE:

 

Applicant’s correspondence of March 4, 2014 and Amendment to Allege Use of March 4, 2014 have been received and carefully reviewed, and the trademark examining attorney finds the following:

 

The applicant’s disclaimer of “CULTURE MEDIUM” is made part of the record, and the applicant’s arguments in favor of registration have been considered, however, the refusal under Trademark Act §2(e)(1) is hereby maintained, and the additional refusal that follows is now issued.

 

TRADEMARK ACT §2(e)(1) REFUSAL – MARK IS MERELY DESCRIPTIVE/ MAINTAINED AND CONTINUED

 

The refusal to register because the applied-for mark, UNINTERRUPTED CULTURE MEDIUM, merely describes features, characteristic and the intended function of applicant’s goods is maintained and continued.  Trademark Act Section 2(e)(1), 15 U.S.C. §1052(e)(1); see TMEP §§1209.01(b), 1209.03 et seq.

 

As noted in the initial refusal, a mark is merely descriptive if it describes an ingredient, quality, characteristic, function, feature, purpose or use of the specified goods.  TMEP §1209.01(b); see In re Steelbuilding.com, 415 F.3d 1293, 1297, 75 USPQ2d 1420, 1421 (Fed. Cir. 2005); In re Gyulay, 820 F.2d 1216, 1217-18, 3 USPQ2d 1009, 1010 (Fed. Cir. 1987).  Moreover, a mark that identifies a group of users to whom an applicant directs its goods and/or services is also merely descriptive.  TMEP §1209.03(i); see In re Planalytics, Inc., 70 USPQ2d 1453, 1454 (TTAB 2004).

 

The applicant’s goods are identified as “chemicals for use in medical science, namely, fertility enhancement preparations for use in culturing and extended culturing of embryos; and diagnostic reagents for clinical and medical laboratory use.”

 

Dictionary definitions of “uninterrupted” (“continuous,” Macmillan Online Dictionary) and “culture medium” (“a substance containing nutrients used for growing bacteria or other cells in a laboratory,” Macmillan Online Dictionary) were previously provided. These definitions, and the additional online industry usage examples in articles, scientific studies and in-vitro fertilization reference sites, also provided previously, demonstrate that the plain meaning of the wording directly describes the applicant’s culturing preparations for use in embryo fertilization (culture medium), and features of the goods; i.e., a culture medium that may be used without the usual transfer from one medium to another during the fertilization process (uninterrupted).  The applicant’s materials describing and promoting its range of goods, describe features of the goods that would be relevant to the intended consumer, including use as a single medium, without need for transfer. 

 

The applicant argues, unsupported by evidence, that the term “uninterrupted” does not “immediately convey” information about the applicant’s goods. However, the previously referenced (and incorporated herein) evidence belies that assertion.  Additional evidence of descriptive usage of the wording in the mark is provided with this correspondence. 

 

Further, “[a] mark may be merely descriptive even if it does not describe the ‘full scope and extent’ of the applicant’s goods or services.”  In re Oppedahl & Larson LLP, 373 F.3d 1171, 1173, 71 USPQ2d 1370, 1371 (Fed. Cir. 2004) (citing In re Dial-A-Mattress Operating Corp., 240 F.3d 1341, 1346, 57 USPQ2d 1807, 1812 (Fed. Cir. 2001)); TMEP §1209.01(b).  It is enough if a mark describes only one significant function, attribute, or property.  In re The Chamber of Commerce of the U.S., 675 F.3d 1297, 1300, 102 USPQ2d 1217, 1219 (Fed. Cir. 2012); TMEP §1209.01(b); see In re Oppedahl & Larson LLP, 373 F.3d at 1173, 71 USPQ2d at 1371.

 

Therefore, the refusal to register under Trademark Act §2(e)(1) because the wording in the mark is descriptive of the applicant’s goods, is maintained and continued.

 

Applicant should note the following additional ground for refusal.

 

TRADEMARK ACT §§1 AND 45 REFUSAL/MARK SHOWN ON DRAWING AND SPECIMEN DOES NOT MATCH

 

Registration is refused because the specimen does not show the applied-for mark in the drawing in use in commerce.  Trademark Act Sections 1 and 45, 15 U.S.C. §§1051, 1127; 37 C.F.R. §§2.34(a)(1)(iv), 2.56(a); TMEP §§904, 904.07(a), 1301.04(g)(i).  Specifically, the specimen displays the mark as UNINTERRUPTED SINGLE CULTURE MEDIUM; however, the drawing displays the mark as UNINTERRUPTED CULTURE MEDIUM. 

 

The drawing shows the mark sought to be registered, and must be a substantially exact representation of the mark as used on or in connection with the goods, as shown by the specimen.  37 C.F.R. §2.51(a); TMEP §807.12(a).  Because the mark in the drawing is not a substantially exact representation of the mark on the specimen, applicant has failed to provide the required evidence of use of the applied-for mark in commerce on or in connection with applicant’s goods.  See TMEP §807.12(a).

 

Here, the addition of the term “SINGLE” to the other wording in the mark, as shown on the specimen, clearly provides additional modifying information concerning the goods/their intended use. Regarding whether applicant may submit an amended drawing in response to this refusal, applicant is advised that the drawing of a mark can be amended only if the amendment does not materially alter the mark as originally filed.  37 C.F.R. §2.72(a)(2); see TMEP §§807.12(a), 807.14 et seq.  In this case, amending the mark in the drawing to conform to the mark on the specimen would be a material alteration and would not be accepted, because the difference between the mark in the specimen and the drawing is significant and each mark creates a different commercial impression.  Specifically, the plain meaning of “single” (“only one,” Macmillan Online Dictionary) would distinguish these goods from goods utilizing or requiring more than one culture.

 

An application based on Trademark Act Section 1(a) must include a specimen showing the applied-for mark in use in commerce for each international class of goods identified in the application or amendment to allege use.  15 U.S.C. §1051(a)(1); 37 C.F.R. §§2.34(a)(1)(iv), 2.56(a); TMEP §§904, 904.07(a).  

 

Examples of specimens for goods include tags, labels, instruction manuals, containers, photographs that show the mark on the actual goods or packaging, and displays associated with the actual goods at their point of sale.  See TMEP §§904.03 et seq.  Webpages may also be specimens for goods when they include a picture or textual description of the goods associated with the mark and the means to order the goods.  TMEP §904.03(i). 

 

Applicant may respond to this refusal by satisfying one of the following for each applicable international class:

 

(1)  Submit a different specimen (a verified “substitute” specimen) that (a) was in actual use in commerce at least as early as the filing date of the application or prior to the filing of an amendment to allege use and (b) shows the applied-for mark in actual use in commerce for the goods and/or services identified in the application or amendment to allege use.

 

(2)  Amend the filing basis to intent to use under Section 1(b), for which no specimen is required.  This option will later necessitate additional fee(s) and filing requirements such as providing a specimen at a subsequent date.

 

For an overview of both response options referenced above and instructions on how to satisfy either option online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) form, please go to http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/law/J3_1.jsp.

 

RESPONSE GUIDELINES

 

For this application to proceed toward registration, applicant must explicitly address each refusal and/or requirement raised in this Office action.  If the action includes a refusal, applicant may provide arguments and/or evidence as to why the refusal should be withdrawn and the mark should register.  Applicant may also have other options for responding to a refusal and should consider such options carefully.  To respond to requirements and certain refusal response options, applicant should set forth in writing the required changes or statements.

 

Applicant should include the following information on all correspondence with the Office:  (1) the name and law office number of the trademark examining attorney, (2) the serial number and filing date of the application, (3) the date of issuance of this Office action, (4) applicant’s name, address, telephone number and e-mail address (if applicable), and (5) the mark.  37 C.F.R. §2.194(b)(1); TMEP §302.03(a).

 

To expedite prosecution of the application, applicant is encouraged to file its response to this Office action online via the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), which is available at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/index.jsp.  If applicant has technical questions about the TEAS response to Office action form, applicant can review the electronic filing tips available online at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/e_filing_tips.jsp and e-mail technical questions to TEAS@uspto.gov.

 

If applicant does not respond to this Office action within six months of the issue/mailing date, or responds by expressly abandoning the application, the application process will end, the trademark will fail to register, and the application fee will not be refunded.  See 15 U.S.C. §1062(b); 37 C.F.R. §§2.65(a), 2.68(a), 2.209(a); TMEP §§405.04, 718.01, 718.02.  Where the application has been abandoned for failure to respond to an Office action, applicant’s only option would be to file a timely petition to revive the application, which, if granted, would allow the application to return to active status.  See 37 C.F.R. §2.66; TMEP §1714.  There is a $100 fee for such petitions.  See 37 C.F.R. §§2.6, 2.66(b)(1).

 

Please see To Respond to this Letter for further response guidance.

 

 

/Ellen F Burns/

Examining Attorney

Law Office 116

(571) 272-9098

ellen.burns@uspto.gov

(email for informal communications only)

 

TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER:  Go to http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp.  Please wait 48-72 hours from the issue/mailing date before using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), to allow for necessary system updates of the application.  For technical assistance with online forms, e-mail TEAS@uspto.gov.  For questions about the Office action itself, please contact the assigned trademark examining attorney.  E-mail communications will not be accepted as responses to Office actions; therefore, do not respond to this Office action by e-mail.

 

All informal e-mail communications relevant to this application will be placed in the official application record.

 

WHO MUST SIGN THE RESPONSE:  It must be personally signed by an individual applicant or someone with legal authority to bind an applicant (i.e., a corporate officer, a general partner, all joint applicants).  If an applicant is represented by an attorney, the attorney must sign the response. 

 

PERIODICALLY CHECK THE STATUS OF THE APPLICATION:  To ensure that applicant does not miss crucial deadlines or official notices, check the status of the application every three to four months using the Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR) system at http://tsdr.gov.uspto.report/.  Please keep a copy of the TSDR status screen.  If the status shows no change for more than six months, contact the Trademark Assistance Center by e-mail at TrademarkAssistanceCenter@uspto.gov or call 1-800-786-9199.  For more information on checking status, see http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/process/status/.

 

TO UPDATE CORRESPONDENCE/E-MAIL ADDRESS:  Use the TEAS form at http://www.gov.uspto.report/trademarks/teas/correspondence.jsp.