U.S. patent number 3,877,437 [Application Number 05/377,066] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-15 for apparatus for simultaneous bilateral phototherapy (pan irradiation) of new-born children.
Invention is credited to Francesco Maitan, Cosimo Vannucchi.
United States Patent |
3,877,437 |
Maitan , et al. |
April 15, 1975 |
Apparatus for simultaneous bilateral phototherapy (pan irradiation)
of new-born children
Abstract
Apparatus for simultaneous bilateral phototherapy (pan
irradiation) of new-born children, particularly for the cure of
babies stricken with neonatal jaundice, characterized by the fact
that it comprises a chamber made entirely of transparent material
including the bed on which the child is placed and two groups of
light sources placed respectively one above and one below the
chamber in order to irradiate the entire surface of the new-born
child's skin simultaneously in one treatment without having to
submit the patient to continual changes of position, in order to
obtain complete treatment of his skin and reduce in this manner the
whole duration of his treatment.
Inventors: |
Maitan; Francesco (Schio,
Vicenza, IT), Vannucchi; Cosimo (Schio, Vicenza,
IT) |
Family
ID: |
11328781 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/377,066 |
Filed: |
July 6, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
|
|
|
Jul 20, 1972 [IT] |
|
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85602/72 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
607/91; 600/22;
250/455.11 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61N
5/0621 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61N
5/06 (20060101); A61h 033/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/373,395,396,1B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Trapp; Lawrence W.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Drucker; William Anthony
Claims
We claim:
1. Apparatus for simultaneous bilateral phototherapy (pan
irradiation) of new-born children, particularly for the cure of
babies stricken with neontal jaundice, characterised by the fact
that it comprises a chamber made entirely of transparent material
including the bed on which the child is placed and two groups of
light sources placed respectively one above and one below the
chamber in order to irradiate the entire surface of the new-born
child's skin simultaneously in one treatment without having to
submit the patient to continual changes of position, in order to
obtain complete treatment of his skin and reduce in this manner the
whole duration of his treatment.
2. Apparatus for simultaneous bilateral phototherapy (pan
irradiation) of new-born children, as in claim 1, characterised by
the fact that the entire complex consisting of the chamber, the two
groups of generators of luminous discharge and the relative feeding
apparatus is mounted on a mobile trolley with self-positioning
wheels.
3. Apparatus for simultaneous bilateral phototherapy (pan
irradiation) of new-born children, as in claim 1, characterised by
the fact that the group of generators of luminous discharge placed
under the chamber where the child is situated is provided with a
reflecting sheet placed under the generators which concentrates the
rays of light towards the top.
4. Apparatus for simultaneous bilateral phototherapy (pan
irradiation) of new-born children, as in claim 1, characterised by
the fact that the reflecting sheet placed below the luminous
generators of the lower group is provided with edges folded towards
the top either on one side or on the side opposite the apparatus to
prevent the rays of light from directly hitting the eyes of the
staff concerned with the therapy.
Description
The present invention is intended for the realisation of an
apparatus for carrying out phototherapy of the total skin area of
new-born children affected by haemolitic jaundice.
It is to be noted that some years ago phototherapy was introduced
for the cure of haemolitic disease of the new-born child, due to
prenatal jaundice.
In particular Cremer and Coll in 1958 and since then other
investigators have been able to ascertain that by exposing the
new-born child's skin to intense light, in paticular to azure light
generated by fluorescent tubes, indirect and non hydrosoluble
bilirubine, generated by the haemoglobine coming from the walls of
the red corpuscles, is changed into hydrosoluble bilirubine which
is eliminated either by the hepatic canal or by the renal
canal.
Since even today there is much uncertainty about the mechanism
through which radiant therapy is able to reduce in vivo the amount
of indirect bilirubine, this therapy, as has been said, has been
used for some time in pediatric clinics.
The apparatus used up to the present in these cases includes an
incubator made of transparent material, provided above with a
complex of fluorescent tubes placed parallel between them under a
reflecting surface, in order to illuminate from above the new-born
child who is in the incubator.
This type of apparatus makes it necessary for the staff to turn the
new-born child frequently in order to irradiate with the greatest
possible uniformity its skin on all sides. This includes prolonging
the duration of the therapy, certain discomfort for the new-born
child, difficulty in obtaining really uniform treatment for all
parts of its skin, and notable care on the part of the staff
concerned.
The purpose of the present invention is to make an apparatus which
can irradiate at one time the skin of the new-born child, laid on
the bed of the incubator, on both sides, thus avoiding the
necessity of manipulating him by turning, in order to expose
separately the skin of the upper side and the lower side to
luminous radiation.
The apparatus therefore contains a double series of generators of
luminous discharge for fluorescent tubes placed respectively above
and below the chamber, and these are made entirely of transparent
material as is the bed on which the new-born child is laid.
Both series of fluorescent tubes are provided with reflecting
surfaces which concentrate the luminous discharge on the new-born
child to be treated, and the whole complex is mounted on a mobile
trolley which contains on its lower level the electrical apparatus
necessary for the correct functioning of the fluorescent tubes, as
for example the reactors, the controls and so on.
Naturally the chamber will be provided with instrumentation adapted
for the control of internal temperature, of the degree of humidity
and also sleeves for the introduction of the arms of the staff
concerned, as prescribed for the correct functioning of the
apparatus and also to give sufficient aeration to the chamber.
For the rest, the invention will be described here in more detail
in the following pages, with the aid of the plans enclosed in one
particular form of design construction, shown in a simple manner
with non restrictive examples.
In these:
FIG. 1 shows the invented apparatus from a front view.
FIG. 2 shows the second section line II--II of FIG. 1.
The apparatus invented comprises a trolley 1 (FIGS. 1 & 2)
provided with self-positioning turning wheels to support it 2, on
which a chamber is mounted 3, made entirely of transparent material
on the upper level, the lateral surfaces and the lower level.
The bed 4, on which the new-born child to be treated is placed, is
made entirely of transparent material, for example, a pack of
sheets of transparent plastic material, soft enough not to cause
discomfort to the new-born child, yet transparent enough to permit
the passage of luminous discharge through it.
Above, the trolley 1 bears two curved arms 5, on which a complex
generating luminous discharge is suspended, including a series of
fluorescent tubes 6, hanging over a moulded reflecting sheet 7,
which concentrates the rays of light generated by the tubes 6
towards the bottom or towards the chamber below 3.
Below, the trolley 1 is equipped with bars 8 fixable at a regulated
height on the vertical mountings of the trolley 1, for example in
the middle of the regulating screws 9, bars 8 which hold a second
complex generating luminous discharge, comprising a series of
fluorescent tubes 10, placed above a reflecting moulded sheet 11,
which concentrated the luminous rays given off by the said tubes
towards the top or towards the bottom level of the chamber 3.
Advantageously it is foreseen that the reflecting sheet should be
folded at right angles corresponding to its sides, in order to
present to lateral edges 12 -- 12, which prevent the rays of light
from violently hitting the eyes of staff carrying out the
treatment, who would be more affected by the luminous discharge
coming from the lower tubes 10 in comparison with that coming from
the upper tubes 6.
The entire auxiliary apparatus, comprising for example the reactors
of the fluorescent tubes, the control equipment and so on is
contained inside the draw 13, placed on the lower level 14 of the
trolley.
The incubator will be provided with a thermometer 15 for measuring
the internal temperature, a hygrometer to control the degree of
humidity, a receptacle 17 containing distilled water, which ensures
a certain degree of humidity, a container 18 for urine collection,
sleeves 19 for the introduction of the arms of the staff concerned
with the therapy, also having the purpose of ensuring aeration of
the chamber.
It is evident that detailed construction particulars of the
apparatus, here described and illustrated on the design plans
enclosed, will be able to undergo modifications and give place to
different types of execution in comparison with what is described
here, with the essential characteristics of the apparatus remaining
the same, without in this way prescinding from the terms of the
patent.
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