U.S. patent number 3,732,389 [Application Number 05/225,826] was granted by the patent office on 1973-05-08 for touch entry switch array.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Litton Systems, Inc.. Invention is credited to George R. Kaelin, David M. Piatt.
United States Patent |
3,732,389 |
Kaelin , et al. |
May 8, 1973 |
TOUCH ENTRY SWITCH ARRAY
Abstract
A touch entry switch array comprising a layer of non-conductive
material is sandwiched between two conductive layers. Orthogonally
disposed conductors are arranged in a matrix and adapted to make
electrical connection by deforming an upper resilient, transparent
or translucent layer through respective apertures to establish
electrical contact. Indicator means is provided to indicate through
the apertures the actuation of the associated switch. In one form
of the device, the orthogonal conductors are supported on the lower
layer and the upper layer is constructed of transparent or
translucent conductive material which may be deformed through the
apertures to operate the associated switch. In another form of the
invention, one set of conductors is supported on the upper layer to
be deformed through the apertures to contact conductors on the
lower layer.
Inventors: |
Kaelin; George R. (Woodland
Hills, CA), Piatt; David M. (Woodland Hills, CA) |
Assignee: |
Litton Systems, Inc. (Beverly
Hills, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
22846412 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/225,826 |
Filed: |
February 14, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/313; 200/1R;
200/5A; 200/512; 341/22 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
13/702 (20130101); H01H 13/83 (20130101); H01H
13/703 (20130101); H01H 2203/028 (20130101); H01H
2209/082 (20130101); H01H 2227/002 (20130101); H01H
2219/014 (20130101); H01H 2205/032 (20130101); H01H
2209/038 (20130101); H01H 2209/06 (20130101); H01H
2203/032 (20130101); H01H 2201/018 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
13/83 (20060101); H01H 13/70 (20060101); H01H
13/702 (20060101); H01h 009/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/167R,167A,DIG.1,159B ;340/365C,365R,365A ;200/1R,5A,5R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schaefer; Robert K.
Assistant Examiner: Smith; William J.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A touch entry switch array having a plurality of individual
switches arranged in a matrix, said array comprising: first, second
and third layers, said second layer being sandwiched between said
first and third layers; a plurality of first conductor means
supported on said first layer; a plurality of second conductor
means supported on one of said first and third layers; a plurality
of third conductor means supported on said first layer means; said
first, second and third conductor means being mutually electrically
insulated from each other; a plurality of apertures through said
second layer means, each aperture encompassing a region adjacent a
pair of conductors comprising individual ones of said first and
second conductor means; a plurality of indicator means supported on
said first layer and electrically connected to said third conductor
means; and operator means on said third layer for establishing
electrical contact through said apertures between the first and
second conductor means encompassed in the respective region, said
third layer being translucent whereby the indicator means
juxtapositioned each aperture may be viewed through said third
layer.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said plurality of first
conductor means comprises a plurality of first conductors disposed
in a substantially parallel relationship and said plurality of
second conductor means comprises a plurality of second conductors
disposed in a substantially parallel relationship orthogonal to
said first conductor.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said second conductors
are supported on said first layer, contact means associated with
each of said first and second conductors, said contact means being
arranged in pairs of contacts, each pair of contacts being
electrically connected to mutually exclusive first and second
conductors, each pair of contacts being exposed to mutually
exclusive regions encompassed by mutually exclusive apertures in
said second layer; and said third layer comprises a resilient
translucent conductive layer adapted to establish electrical
connection between the contacts of each of said pairs of
contacts.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said indicator means
comprises a plurality of light emitting indicators each connected
between mutually exclusive ones of said first and third
conductors.
5. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said second conductors
are supported on said third layer, said apertures each being
positioned between projected intersections between mutually
exclusive first and second conductors.
6. Apparatus according to claim 5 wherein said indicator means
comprises a plurality of light emitting indicators each connected
between mutually exclusive ones of said first and third conductors.
Description
This invention relates to touch entry switch devices, and
particularly to an array of touch entry switch devices having light
emitting indicators associating with each switch to indicate
actuation of the switch.
Message entry devices for establishing a coded message for
transmission to a central station ordinarily include an array of
switches adapted to be actuated to operate on logic circuitry to
formulate a predetermined message. Heretofore, such message entry
devices have utilized ordinary switch devices having switch
actuating means adapted to be operated by the operator. As an
example of such switch actuators, the message entry devices
utilized keys associated with each switch adapted to be depressed
to close contacts associated with the switch for operation on the
logic circuitry.
Message entry devices may be used in the field so that a forward
observer can, by formulation of a proper message, advise an
artillery commander of corrections to be made for a particular
target. Message entry devices have become more complex due to the
requirement for additional types of messages to be sent to the
field commander. Hence, there has been a growing need for a more
compact, portable message entry device for use by a forward
observer. With the growing need for a compact message device, a
corol-lary need has been established for a miniature switch array
capable of actuating the logic circuitry associated with the
message entry of actuating the logic circuitry associated with the
message entry device.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a compact thin
switch array arrangement for operation with a message entry logic
circuit for establishing messages to be sent to a central
computer.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a touch entry
membrane switch array for use with logic circuitry for establishing
messages to be sent to a remote station.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a touch entry
membrane switch array having light emitting indicators associating
with each switch thereof so that the operator can determin which of
the switches has been operated.
In accordance with the present invention, a touch entry switch
array comprises a layer having a plurality of apertures sandwiched
between two other layers. A plurality of first conductors are
disposed on one or the other layers. Means is provided for
establishing electrical connection between selected ones of said
first and second conductors by depressing said one layer through
the aperture. For example, the first and second pluralities of
conductors may be disposed on one layer, and the other layer, which
may be constructed of resilient conductive material, may be
deformed through the aperture to contact two of the conductors.
Alternatively, the conductors may be disposed on opposite layers
and contacted through the apertures.
In accordance with one feature of the present invention, light
emitting indicators are associating with the individual switches
and are operable to indicate the region of the switch array has
been operated.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention, the
entire membrane switch array is transparent or translucent so that
light emitting indicators associated with various regions of the
array may be viewed by an operator through the switch array.
The above and other features of this invention will be more fully
understood from the following detailed description, and the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective assembly view of a membrane switch array in
accordance with the presently preferred embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a section view of a portion of the switch array
illustrated in FIG. 1 taken at line 2--2 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the switch array
illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective assembly view of a membrane switch array in
accordance with a modification of the present invention; and
FIG. 5 is a perspective assembly view of a switch array in
accordance with another modification of the present invention.
Referring to the drawings, and particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2, there
is illustrated a touch entry membrane switch array 10 in accordance
with the presently preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Switch array 10 comprises a thin layer of non-conductive material
11 sandwiched between a layer 12 of translucent conductive material
and a layer 13. Layer 13, which may, for example, be constructed of
a suitable insulative material, has conductors 14, 14a, etc.
embedded therein and exposed to the upper surface thereof. Each
conductor 14 terminates at an edge of layer 13. Each conductor 14,
14a includes a plurality of integral fingers 15, 15a extending
orthogonal to the respective conductor. Insulator layer 16 is
bonded to the lower surface of layer 15 and supports a plurality of
conductors 17, 17a having pins 18, 18a protruding through layer 13
in spaced relation to respective finger 15, 15a of conductor 14,
14a. A plurality of third conductors 19, 19a are supported by layer
20 which, in turn, is bonded to the side of layer 16 opposite layer
13. Light emitting diodes 21, 21a are connected in a matrix between
individual and mutually exclusive conductors 19 and 17.
As illustrated in particular in the circuit diagram shown in FIG.
3, the light emitting diodes are connected in a matrix between
mutually exclusive individual conductors 17 and 19, and switch
terminals are provided between fingers 15 and pins 18. As will be
more fully understood hereinafter, electrical connection between
the terminals of each switch is accomplished by metallic layer
12.
Insulating layer 11, which is sandwiched between layers 13 and 12,
includes a plurality of apertures 22 each juxtapositioned over a
respective pair of contacts 15 and 18.
In operation of the matrix switch illustrated in FIGS. 1-3, the
operator may apply pressure to a region of flexible conductive
translucent membrane 12 to deform the membrane so that membrane 12
makes electrical contact between the respective terminals 15 and 18
immediately adjacent the region. For example, if the operator
applies pressure to depress region 23 of layer 12, that region of
layer 12 will make electrical contact between the terminals
associated with switch 24. Hence, electrical contact will be made
between conductors 14a and 17a thereby operating suitable logic
circuitry (not shown) in accordance with a predetermined program
established for the operated switch. The circuitry may respond to
the actuation of switch 24 by providing an electrical signal
between conductors 17a and 19a thereby energizing light emitting
diode 21b adjacent switch 24. Light emitting diode 21b may be
viewed by the operator through the respective aperture and membrane
12.
FIG. 4 illustrates a modification of the membrane switch array in
accordance with the present invention. In FIG. 4 a translucent
non-conductive membrane 30 is provided having conductors 31, 31a
exposed to the lower surface 32 thereof. A second membrane 33 is
provided with conductors 34, 34a exposed to the upper surface
thereof and positioned orthogonal to conductors 31. Light emitting
diodes 35, 35a are connected to individual conductors 34 and 36,
36a supported by layer 33 and insulated from conductor 34.
Insulator layer 37 is sandwiched between layer 30 and in diodes
apertures 38 positioned at the junctions between conductors 34 and
31.
When the layers are assembled together, the switch array may be
operated by applying pressure to membrane 30 at the region of a
junction between orthogonal conductors 31 and 34 to deform membrane
30 so a respective conductor 31 makes electrical contact with a
respective one of conductors 34. Electrical connection between
selected conductors 31 and 34 provides information to logic
circuitry (not shown) to formulate a message for transmission to a
remote station. Also, a signal may be applied between respective
ones of conductors 34 and 36 to energize the light emitting diode
35 associated with, and adjacent to contacted conductors. The light
emitting diode may be viewed by the operator through aperture 38
and translucent membrane 30.
FIG. 5 illustrates yet another modification of the present
invention wherein a translucent non-conductive membrane 40 contains
a plurality of conductors 41, 41a, etc., exposed to the lower
surface of the membrane. Membrane 42, which is also translucent,
includes a plurality of conductors 43, 43a exposed to the upper
surface thereof. Membrane 46 is sandwiched between membranes 40 and
42 and includes a plurality of apertures 47 disposed at the
intersection of the orthogonal conductors 41 and 43. Non-conductive
layer 48 is bonded to the lower surface of membrane 42 and includes
orthogonal conductors 49, 49a and 50, 50a. Light emitting diodes
51, 51a are connected to mutually exclusive pairs of connectors 49
and 50 in a matrix as heretofore described.
In operation of the membrane switch array according to the present
invention, pressure may be applied to a region of uppermost
membrane to establish electrical connection between a unique pair
of conductors connected to logic circuitry. The logic circuitry may
provide a signal to energize a light emitting diode associated with
the particular region of the matrix switch array that is depressed.
The light emitting diode may be viewed through the translucent or
transparent membranes and the aperture in the non-conductive
membrane sandwiched between the switch operator and the terminals.
If desired, the intermediate membrane having the apertures may be
opaque so that light from a light emitting diode will not be
diffused into an adjacent region.
Each layer of the switch array may have a thickness of between 0.5
and 10.0 mils. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2,
layer 12 may be constructed of translucent plastic coated with a
thin film of gold or tin oxide, while layers 11, 13, 16 and 20 may
be constructed of non-conductive plastic, such as Mylar. The
conductor patterns may be vapor deposited onto the layers, and the
apertures may be formed in the center layer by a suitable etching
process. In the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, all
layers may be constructed of translucent Mylar.
The present invention thus provides a touch entry membrane switch
array which is easily fabricated and operated. The apparatus may be
moisture sealed thereby providing a device which is rugged in use.
The switch array is compact and lightweight for easy portability.
For example, a switch array in accordance with the present
invention may include 512 switches mounted in a matrix in a 4 inch
.times. 7 inch space with each switch region comprising an area of
approximately 3/16 inch .times. 3/16 inch.
This invention is not to be limited by the embodiments shown in the
drawings and described in the description, which are given by way
of example and not of limitation, but only in accordance with the
scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *