U.S. patent number 3,726,272 [Application Number 05/126,941] was granted by the patent office on 1973-04-10 for endoscope.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Olympus Optical Company, Ltd.. Invention is credited to Masaharu Fukami, Toshiyuki Mori, Masaki Sato.
United States Patent |
3,726,272 |
Fukami , et al. |
April 10, 1973 |
ENDOSCOPE
Abstract
An endoscope comprising a control housing and a forward end
portion connected to said control housing by an elongated tube and
adapted to be inserted into a hollow portion of a living body for
inspection and/or photographing thereof. The endoscope comprises a
flexible sheath secured at its one end to the control housing and
various extension means of the endoscope to be connected to the
respective various exterior devices for effecting various functions
such as for illuminating the object, supplying air and/or water
into the hollow portion into which the forward end portion of the
endoscope is inserted, sucking undesired material such as phlegm
out of the hollow portion, and controlling the photographing device
of the endoscope for the proper exposure are extended together
through the flexible sheath from the control housing to the free
outer end of the flexible sheath. The various extension means are
connected to the respective corresponding exterior devices at the
free outer end of the flexible sheath so that the entanglement of
the various extension means during the operation of the endoscope
is prevented while the connection of the extension means to the
respective exterior devices is facilitated. An air supplying device
for use with an endoscope for supplying desired quantity of air
into a hollow portion of a living body into which the forward end
portion of the endoscope is inserted for the inspection thereof so
that the hollow portion is inflated appropriately for the proper
inspection and/or photographing of the hollow portion. The air
supplying device comprises a foot switch, a timer and an air pump
actuated by closing the foot switch through the timer for supplying
air to the endoscope to which the air pump is connected. The timer
is actuated each time the foot switch is closed for actuating the
air pump so that the timer deenergizes the air pump after a
predetermined time period set in the timer so that a predetermined
quantity air is supplied to the endoscope each time the foot switch
is closed while the air pump is stopped at any desired moment
during the actuation of the timer by opening the foot switch so
that the excess quantity of air is prevented from being supplied to
the endoscope.
Inventors: |
Fukami; Masaharu (Tokyo,
JA), Sato; Masaki (Tokyo, JA), Mori;
Toshiyuki (Tokyo, JA) |
Assignee: |
Olympus Optical Company, Ltd.
(Tokyo, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
26340548 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/126,941 |
Filed: |
March 27, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
|
760151 |
Sep 17, 1968 |
|
|
|
|
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Sep 21, 1967 [JA] |
|
|
42/80171 |
Feb 1, 1968 [JA] |
|
|
42/6414 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
600/126; 396/17;
600/132; 600/163; 600/158; 396/267 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
1/00121 (20130101); A61B 1/00165 (20130101); F04B
49/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
1/00 (20060101); F04B 49/02 (20060101); A61b
001/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/4,5,6,7,8,303.1
;95/11,11.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gaudet; Richard A.
Assistant Examiner: Dunne; C. F.
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 760151, now
abandoned.
Claims
We claim:
1. An endoscope comprising a control housing and a forward end
portion adapted to be inserted into the hollow portion of a living
body for the inspection thereof which is connected to said control
housing by an elongated tube, an image of the object to be
inspected being focused in said forward end portion by means of an
objective lens system housed in said forward end portion, the thus
focused image of the object being transmitted through an image
transmitting optical system extending through said elongated tube
from said forward end portion to said control housing to thereby
permit the thus transmitted image of the object to be viewed
through an ocular means provided in said control housing, wherein
the improvement comprises a flexible sheath secured at its one end
to said control housing, a great majority of various extension
means of the endoscope to be connected to the respective various
exterior devices for effecting various functions for the proper
operation of the endoscope being extended together through said
flexible sheath from said control housing to the free outer end of
said flexible sheath to thereby permit the great majority of said
various extension means to be connected at the outer free end of
said sheath to said respective various exterior devices so that the
entanglement of said various extension means with each other during
the operation of the endoscope is prevented while the connection of
said various extension means to said respective various exterior
devices is facilitated, said various exterior devices comprising a
light source, an air supplying device and a water supplying device
to be connected respectively to a light transmitting means for
illuminating the object, an air supplying tube and a water
supplying tube constituting said various extension means, said air
supplying tube being connected to the bottom of a cylindrical
member provided in said control housing with its open end opening
in the surface of said control housing, a water and air supplying
tube extending through said elongated tube of the endoscope with
its inner end connected to the side wall of said cylindrical member
adjacent to the bottom thereof while said water supplying tube is
connected to said water and air supplying tube intermediate the
length thereof, a hollow actuator member having a throughhole and
slidably fitted in said cylindrical member so that the end of said
water and air supplying tube connected to said side wall of said
cylindrical member is closed when said actuator member is moved
inwardly of said cylindrical member while said actuator member is
normally urged outwardly to its outermost position by means of a
spring provided between said cylindrical member and said actuator
member to thereby open said end of said water and air supplying
tube, so that supplying of air is effected by closing said
throughhole of said actuator member while said air supplying device
is actuated and supplying of water is effected by actuating said
water supplying device after said actuator member is moved inwardly
of said cylindrical member against the action of said spring to
close said end of said water and air supplying tube connected to
said side wall of said cylindrical member.
2. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein said light source of
said various exterior devices comprises an electric power source,
said light transmitting means of said various extension means
comprising lead wires leading to a lamp housed in said forward end
portion of the endoscope for illumination of the object.
3. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein said various
exterior devices also include a suction device to be connected to a
suction tube for sucking undesired material out of the hollow
portion into which said forward end portion of the endoscope is
inserted, said suction tube constituting a component of said
various extension means and being provided with an opening at a
position in said control housing, said opening being opened in the
hollow space in a second cylindrical member having a closed bottom
and located in said control housing with its open end opening
toward the exterior of said control housing, so that suction of
undesired material such as phlegm out of the hollow portion into
which said forward end portion of the endoscope is inserted is
effected by closing said open end of said second cylindrical member
while said suction device connected to said suction tube is
actuated.
4. The endoscope according to claim 3, wherein said light source of
said various exterior devices comprises an electric power source,
said light transmitting means of said various extension means
comprising lead wires leading to a lamp housed in said forward end
portion of the endoscope for illumination of the object.
5. An endoscope comprising a control housing, a forward end portion
adapted to be inserted into the hollow portion of a living body for
the inspection thereof, an elongated tube connecting said forward
end portion to said control housing, an objective lens system
located in said forward end portion for focusing an image of an
object, an image transmitting optical system extending through said
elongated tube from said forward end portion to said control
housing and an ocular means provided in said control housing, the
forward end of said image transmitting optical system being located
behind said objective lens system so as to focus said image on said
forward end while the rearward end thereof is located in front of
said ocular means, the thus focused image of the object being
transmitted through said image transmitting optical system to
thereby permit the thus transmitted image of the object to be
viewed through said ocular means, a light conducting fiber optical
system extending through said elongated tube and having a forward
end terminating at said forward end portion so as to illuminate the
object by the light supplied to said light conducting fiber optical
system at a rearward end thereof and emitted from said forward end,
a photoelectric element connected to lead wires and adapted to
receive the light from the object so as to generate a signal
indicative of the scene brightness which is lead through said lead
wires, wherein the improvement comprises a flexible sheath secured
at one end thereof to said control housing and having a connecting
member at an outer end thereof, a mating connecting member having
fittings leading to an external light source, and an external
exposure control device adapted to receive said signal through said
lead wires for the automatic exposure control of the endoscope,
said light conducting fiber optical system and said lead wires
ectending through said flexible sheath and terminating adjacent to
said outer end of said sheath, thereby permitting said light
conducting fiber optical system and said lead wires to be
simultaneously connected to said external light source and said
external exposure control device, respectively, by a single
operation of said connecting member for coupling the same with said
mating connecting member.
6. An endoscope according to claim 5, further comprising an air
supply tube extending through said elongated tube and said flexible
sheath with a forward end thereof terminating at said forward end
portion of the endoscope, said air supply tube terminating adjacent
to said outer end of said sheath, and an external air pump
connected to the air supply tube and coupled to said fittings
simultaneously with the coupling of said light conducting fiber
optical system and said lead wires with said external light source
and said external exposure control device, respectively.
7. An endoscope according to claim 5, wherein the connecting member
is a cap nut.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel and useful endoscope, and
more particularly to an endoscope which is not only useful for the
observation of a hollow portion in a living body but also useful
for conveniently carrying out various operations for the diagnosis
of the living body such as suction of undesired material such as
phlegm out of the hollow portion, supplying air into the hollow
portion for facilitating the inspection or photographing thereof by
inflating the hollow portion, and supplying water into the hollow
portion for the washing thereof without disturbing the operation of
the endoscope proper while the hollow portion is observed by the
endoscope.
The present invention relates also to a novel and useful air
supplying device adapted to be used with an endoscope for supplying
any desired quantity of air into the hollow portion of a living
body which is being observed by the endoscope.
Heretofore, a simple type endoscope has been equipped with lead
wires extending from the control housing through the elongated tube
to the forward end portion of the endoscope for supplying electric
power therethrough to the lamp housed in the forward end portion
from an electric source connected to the control housing as well as
an air supplying device connected to the control housing for
supplying air into the hollow portion to be inspected from the
forward end portion of the endoscope through a thin pipe extending
through the elongated tube of the endoscope.
With the development of the endoscope, the endoscope has been
equipped with various exterior devices for carrying out various
operations for facilitating the diagnosis to be connected to the
control housing of the endoscope such as water supplying device for
washing the hollow portion which is being observed by the
endoscope, suction device for sucking undesired material out of the
hollow portion, and lead wires connecting the photoelectric element
in the endoscope to the automatic exposure control device located
outside of the control housing and connected thereto in case the
endoscope is provided with a photographing device.
In an endoscope in which a light conducting fiber optical system is
provided in place of a lamp located in the forward end portion of
the endoscope for illuminating the hollow portion to be inspected,
the fiber optical system extends through the elongated tube from
the control housing to the forward end portion. The rearward end of
the fiber optical system is connected to the exterior light source
and the light is transmitted through the fiber optical system to
the forward end thereof so as to be emitted therefrom for the
illumination of the object.
As described above, when the various operations such as washing,
supplying air, sucking undesired material and illumination of the
object are to be effected while the hollow portion of the living
body is inspected by the endoscope, the above described various
exterior devices for effecting the above described operations must
be connected to the control housing by means of flexible tubes or
lead wires, respectively. This is very troublesome in handling the
endoscope. Since the endoscope must be moved and rotated during the
operation thereof in order to properly observe the desired position
of the hollow portion, the various flexible tubes connecting the
above described various exterior devices to the control housing
might be entangled each other thereby disturbing the proper
operation of the endoscope.
The present invention aims at providing a novel and useful
endoscope which avoids the above described disadvantages of the
prior art endoscope.
Further, when an endoscope is in operation, it is necessary to
inflate the hollow portion of a living body which is being
inspected by introducing air into the hollow portion so that the
forward end portion of the endoscope inserted into the hollow
portion is spaced a suitable distance from the inner wall of the
hollow portion thereby permitting the observation and/or the
photographing thereof by means of the endoscope to be properly
carried out.
Heretofore, the admission of air into the hollow portion is usually
effected by a manually operable rubber-bulb blower provided with a
non-return valve which is connected to a tube extending from the
control housing through the elongated tube to the forward end
portion of the endoscope. The air is discharged from the open end
of the tube into the hollow portion of the living body by a
predetermined quantity each time the rubber-bulb blower is actuated
by the operator. The quantity of the air admitted into the hollow
portion is determined by the number of times of the manual
operation of the rubber-bulb blower. However, since the operation
of the rubber-bulb blower is relatively hard when the operation is
carried out together with the operation of the endoscope for the
observation and/or the photographing of the object, the operator
tends to get tired soon, particularly when the group diagnosis is
to be carried out. And, at the same time, when forceps incorporated
in the endoscope are operated while the hollow portion is observed
by means of the endoscope, it is impossible for the operator to
manually operate the rubber-bulb blower thereby requiring the
rubber-bulb blower to be operated by another assistant operator.
The admission of air into the hollow portion can also be effected
by means of mechanically driven air pump. In this case, however,
since no means has been developed to measure the quantity of air
introduced into the hollow portion, there is a danger that too much
amount of air might be introduced into the hollow portion thereby
harming the internal organ of the living body. When the integrating
flow meter is provided for measuring the quantity of air admitted
into the hollow portion, it is very troublesome to read out the
graduation of the flow meter thereby rendering the operation of the
endoscope very difficult.
The present invention aims at providing a novel and useful air
supplying device for use with an endoscope which avoids the above
described disadvantages of the prior art air supplying device.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One object of the present invention is to provide a novel and
useful endoscope which avoids the above described disadvantages of
the prior art endoscope.
This is achieved in accordance with the present invention by
arranging all the necessary flexible tubes or lead wires connecting
the various exterior devices to the control housing along within a
single flexible sheath which is secured at its one end to the
control housing, thereby permitting the respective various flexible
tubes or lead wires to be connected to the corresponding various
exterior devices, respectively, at the free end of the single
flexible sheath so that not only the coupling operation of the
tubes with the various exterior devices is made very easy but also
the entanglement of the tubes during the operation of the endoscope
is positively prevented.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel and
useful air supplying device for use with an endoscope which avoids
the above described disadvantages of the prior art air supplying
device and which permits the air to be admitted into the hollow
portion by any desired quantity by the operation effected by the
operator thereby dispensing with the employment of an assistant
operator.
This is achieved by the present invention by providing a timed air
supplying mechanism adapted to be coupled with the endoscope and
comprising a foot switch, a timer and an air pump which is driven
by a drive motor by closing the foot switch so as to feed air into
the hollow portion of the living body, the timer being comprised of
a timing lever, a spring biased timing can disc cooperable with the
timing lever and an electromagnet for bringing the timing lever
into cooperative position with the timing cam disc by closing the
foot switch thereby permitting the air to be admitted at a constant
rate into the hollow portion of the living body for a given time
period determined by the timer each time the foot switch is closed
until the timer is stopped after the operation thereof while the
pump can be stopped any desired moment by opening the foot switch
so that the timing lever is disengaged from the timing cam disc
thereby permitting the desired amount of air to be admitted into
the hollow portion of the living body by closing the foot switch
any desired number of times and by opening the foot switch any
desired moment when sufficient amount of air has been introduced
into the hollow portion of the living body.
In accordance with the other feature of the present invention, the
timer may be substituted by a transistor timer comprised of relays,
a transistor circuit and a C-R timing circuit thereby dispensing
with mechanical timer elements which are complicated in
construction.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side view of a prior art endoscope illustrating the
various tubes connected individually to the various exterior
devices;
FIG. 2 is an end view of the forward end portion of the endoscope
shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view partly in cross-section illustrating the
construction of an endoscope constructed in accordance with the
present invention with the forward end portion omitted;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4--4 in FIG.
3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the timed air
supplying mechanism and the electric circuit constructed in
accordance with the present invention; and
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 but showing the electric circuit
of the timer in which relay, transistors and C-R timing circuit are
provided instead of mechanical timing elements.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS:
Prior to the description of the present invention, a prior art
endoscope will be briefly described in connection with FIGS. 1 and
2 for the better understanding of the feature of the present
invention.
In FIG. 1, the prior art endoscope comprises a control housing 1
and a forward end portion 2 adapted to be inserted into a hollow
portion of a living body and connected by elongated tube 3,
preferably flexible, to the control housing 1. An objective lens
system 4 (FIG. 2) is provided in the forward end portion 2 for
focusing the image of the object in the forward end portion. An
elongated image transmitting optical system (not shown) such as a
fiber optical system extends through the elongated tube 3 with the
forward end thereof located at a position in the forward end
portion 2 where the image of the object is focused by means of the
object lens system 4. The rearward end of the image transmitting
optical system terminates in the control housing 1. Ocular means 5
is provided in the control housing 1 at a position adjacent to the
rearward end of the image transmitting optical system in opposing
relationship thereto so that the image formed in the forward end of
the image transmitting optical system and transmitted therethrough
to the rearward end of the image transmitting optical system can be
viewed through the ocular means 5.
In order to illuminate the object to be insepected by the
endoscope, a light conducting fiber optical system 6 (FIG. 1) may
provided which extend through the elongated tube 3 with the forward
end thereof divided into two portions and terminating at the
forward end of the forward end portion 2 to form a pair of light
emanating windows 7, 7 respectively. The rearward end of the light
conducting fiber optical system 7 extends outwardly of the control
housing 1 through a sheath 8 connected to the control housing 1.
The outer end of the light conducting fiber optical system 6 is
detachably connected to a light source 9 so that the light from the
light source 9 is transmitted through the light conducting fiber
optical system 6 to the forward end thereof so as to emanate the
light through the illuminating windows 7, 7 thereby illuminating
the object.
The light conducting fiber optical system 6 can be replaced by lamp
means provided in the forward end portion 2. In this case, the lamp
means is energized by an exterior electric power source through
lead wires extending through the elongated tube 3 and connecting
the lamp means to the exterior electric power source.
The above construction of the endoscope is well known in the
art.
In addition, the endoscope may be provided with various tubes such
as air supplying tube 10 water supplying tube 11, tube 12 for
protecting electric wires connected to a photoelectric element in
the endoscope and leading to the automatic exposure control device
13 exterior of the control housing 1 each extending outwardly from
the control housing 1. The air supplying tube 10 and the water
supplying tube 11 extend from the control housing through the
elongated tube 3 to the forward end portion 2, respectively. The
rearward end of the tube 10 may be connected to a rubber-bulb
blower 14 or an air pump 15 so that the air is fed to the forward
end portion 2 so as to inflate the hollow portion into which the
forward end portion 2 is inserted. In the similar manner, the
rearward end of the tube 11 may be connected to an injector 16 or a
water pump 17 so that the water is fed to the forward end portion 2
so as to effect the washing of the inner wall of the hollow portion
to be inspected by the endoscope. The photoelectric element may be
located adjacent to the rearward end of the image transmitting
optical system or in the forward end portion 2. In the latter case,
the lead wires extend through the elongated tube 3.
As described above, when the endoscope of the prior art is used,
each of the devices for effecting the above described various
operations must be individually connected to the tubes of the
endoscope belonging to the respective devices. This is very
troublesome and time consuming. Moreover, since the endoscope must
be moved and rotated during the operation of the endoscope in order
to aim at the desired point in the inner wall of the hollow portion
to be inspected, the various tubes tend to be entangled each other
thereby disturbing the operation.
In order to avoid the above described disadvantages, the endoscope
is constructed in accordance with the present invention as shown in
FIGS. 3 and 4. Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrating a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, the endoscope comprises a
control housing 1, a forward end portion (not shown) which is
similar to the forward end portion 2 in FIGS. 1 and 2 and which is
connected to the control housing 1 through an elongated tube 3
analogous in construction to that shown in FIG. 1. An objective
lens system is located in the forward end portion, ocular means 5
is located in the control housing 1, and an image transmitting
optical system 18 extends through the elongated tube 3 in like
manner as in the case shown in FIG. 1.
In accordance with the present invention, the light conducting
fiber optical system 6 extends from the forward end portion through
the elongated tube 3 into the control housing 1 and further extends
outwardly therefrom through cylindrical projection 1' integral with
the control housing 1 and flexible sheath 19 connected at its one
end to the end of the projection 1'. The free outer end 6a of the
light conducting fiber optical system 6 extends beyond the
connecting member 20 having threaded connecting ring 21 rotatably
mounted thereon which is attached to the free end of the sheath 19
as shown in FIG. 3.
A beam splitting prism 22 having half mirror 22a diagonally
arranged therein is located adjacent to the rear end of the image
transmitting fiber optical system 18 in alignment therewith so that
a portion of the light incident to the prism 22 from the image
transmitting fiber optical system 18 is directed to the ocular
means 5 through the half mirror 22a so that the image transmitted
to the rearward end of the image transmitting fiber optical system
from the forward end thereof is viewed through the ocular means 5
while the remainder of the light incident to the prism 22 is
reflected toward the side of the prism 22 on which a photoelectric
element 23 is secured. Lead wires 12' covered by a tube 12 extend
from the photoelectric element 22 through the projection 1' and the
sheath 19 to the free end of the sheath 19 and are connected to
pins 12'a projecting from the connecting member 20 as shown in FIG.
3.
Water and air supplying tube 24 extends from the forward end of the
forward end portion through the elongated tube 3 and the inner end
of the tube 24 is connected to the circumferential surface of a
cylindrical member 25 provided in the control housing 1 and having
an open end 25a opening in the surface of the control housing 1 and
a bottom 25b and a mating shoulder 25c formed by an enlarged hollow
portion in the member 25 near the bottom 25b. One end of water
supplying tube 26 is connected to the water and air supplying tube
24 at a position near the inner end of the tube 24 and the tube 26
extends through the projection 1' and the sheath 19 to the
connecting member 20 and terminates at fitting 26a provided on the
circumferential surface of the connecting member 20.
One end of air supplying tube 27 is connected to the bottom 25b of
the cylindrical member 25 and the tube 27 extends through
projection 1' and the sheath 19 to the free end of the sheath 19
and the outer end of the tube 27 is connected to a cylindrical
projection 27a projecting from the connecting member 20 as shown in
FIG. 3.
A suction tube 28 for sucking undesired material such as phlegm out
of the hollow portion into which the forward end portion of the
endoscope is inserted extends from the forward end of the forward
end portion through the elongated tube 3 into the control housing 1
and further extends therefrom through the projection 1' and the
sheath 19 to a fitting 28a provided on the circumferential surface
of the connecing member 20 as shown in FIG. 3.
In accordance with one feature of the present invention, the
cylindrical member 25 connected to the water and air supplying tube
24 and the air supplying tube 27 is provided therein with a
slidable hollow actuator member 29 slidably fitting with the inner
wall of the enlarged hollow portion of the cylindrical member 25
and having a through hole 29a and a flange 29b. A shoulder 29c is
provided on the outer circumferential surface of the actuator
member 29, so that the actuator member 29 is slidable in the
enlarged hollow portion of the cylindrical member 25 within the
range limited by the abuttment of the shoulder 29c of the actuator
member 29 against the shoulder 25c of the cylindrical member 25 and
the abuttment of the inner end 29d of the actuator member 29
against the bottom 25b of the cylindrical member 25. As shown, when
the actuator member 29 is moved inwardly to abut against the bottom
25b of the cylindrical member 25, the opening 24a of the water and
air supplying tube 24 opening in the inner wall of the enlarged
hollow portion of the cylindrical member 25 is closed by the
circumferential surface of the actuator member 29. A spring 30 is
provided around the actuator member 29 between the flange 29b
thereof and the opening 25a of the cylindrical member 25 so that
the actuator member 29 is normally urged outwardly until the
shoulder 29c abuts against the shoulder 25c.
In accordance with further feature of the present invention, a
cylindrical member 31 having an open end 31a and a bottom 31b is
provided in the control housing 1 in juxtaposed relationship to the
cylindrical member 25. A portion of the suction tube 28 extends in
the hollow portion of the cylindrical member 31 and an opening 28b
is provided in the tube 28, which opens in the hollow portion of
the cylindrical member 31 as shown in FIG. 3.
In operation, the connecting member 20 is connected to a mating
connecting member 32 shown by chain-dot line by means of connecting
ring 21. The mating connecting member 32 is provided with fittings
each leading to the light source 9, the automatic exposure control
device 13 and the air pump 15, respectively, so that, when the
connecting members 20 and 32 are connected to each other, the light
conducting fiber optical system 6, the air supplying tube 27 and
the lead wires 12' leading to the photo-electric element 23 are
coupled with the light source 9, the automatic exposure control
device 13 and the air pump, respectively. Also, the water pump 17
and a suction pump 33 are connected to the fitting 26a of water
supplying tube 26 and the fitting 28a of the suction tube 28,
respectively.
By energizing the light source 9, the object to be inspected can be
illuminated so that it is observed in like manner as the
conventional endoscope. When the photographing or the object is to
be effected, the photoelectric element 23 connected to the
automatic exposure control device 13 serves to achieve proper
exposure in like manner as the conventional exposure control
system.
When the air is to be admitted into the hollow portion into which
the forward end portion of the endoscope is inserted for the
inspection, the air pump 15 is first actuated by means not shown so
that the air is fed through the air supplying tube 27 to the
cylindrical member 25. By closing the opening 29e of the actuator
member 29 by the operator's finger without depressing the same, the
air is prevented from flowing freely out of the opening 29e through
the hole 29a of the cylindrical member 29 so that the air is forced
to flow through the water and air supplying tube 24 to the forward
end of the forward end portion of the endoscope to thereby permit
the air to be admitted into the hollow portion as long as the
opening 29e of the cylindrical member 29 is closed by the
operator's finger without depressing the same.
When the water is to be admitted into the hollow portion to be
inspected, the actuator member 29 is first pushed inwardly by means
of the operator's finger aginst the action of the spring 30 until
the opening 24a of the water and air supplying tube 24 is closed by
the actuator member 29, and then the water pump 17 is actuated by
means not shown. Then, the water is fed through the water supplying
tube 26 and the water and air supplying tube 24 to the forward end
portion to thereby permit the water to be admitted into the hollow
portion as long as the water pump 17 is actuated while the actuator
member 29 is kept depressed so as to close the opening 24a.
When the undesired material such as phlegm is to be removed from
the hollow portion to be inspected, the suction pump 33 is first
actuated. By closing the opening 31a of the cylindrical member 31,
the air is prevented from flowing into the tube 28 through the
opening 28b to thereby permit the undesired material in the hollow
portion to be sucked through the suction tube 28 as long as the
opening 31a is closed.
It is evident, in case a lamp is provided in the forward end
portion 2 in place of the light conducting fiber optical system 6,
lead wires connected to the lamp are led through the elongated tube
3 and the sheath 19 to the connecting member 20 and the lead wires
are connected to an electric power source instead of the light
source 9 when the connecting member 20 is connected to the mating
connecting member 32.
Further, any of the above described elements can be dispensed with
or any further elements for carrying out further desired functions
can be added to the endoscope of the present invention depending
upon the requirements when the endoscope is used.
Further, the fittings 26a and 28a are shown as being located in the
circumferential surface of the connecting member 20, but they may
be located in the end surface thereof, and any of the elements can
be located either in the end surface of the connecting member 20 or
in the circumferential surface thereof depending upon the design of
the endoscope.
It is also evident that the photoelectric element 23 may be located
in the forward end portion of the endoscope instead of being
located adjacent to the rearward end of the image transmitting
optical system 18. In this case, the lead wires 12 are extended
through the elongated tube 3 and the sheath 19 and connected to the
automatic exposure control device 13.
As described above, the various operations of the endoscope of the
present invention are very simple and the operations are very
reliable and no delay in the operations occurs.
Since the various tubes used for effecting the various operations
of the endoscope constructed in accordance with the present
invention as described above are housed together within the single
sheath 19, not only the connection of the various tubes to the
respective corresponding devices is effected very simply and
easily, but also no entanglement of the various tubes during the
operation of the endoscope occurs. This is extremely advantageous
in handling the endoscope.
Further, since the various tubes are housed together within the
single sheath 19, danger that the tubes might be collapsed by the
bending of the sheath is extremely reduced in comparison with the
case in which the tubes are individually connected to their
corresponding devices.
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the air supplying device of the
present invention to be used with the endoscope for regulating the
quantity of the air admitted into the hollow portion of the living
body into which the forward end portion of the endoscope is
inserted.
Referring to FIG. 5, electric power source 34 is connected through
lead wires 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41 and 42 to a driving motor 43.
A foot switch 44 is provided between leadwires 38 and 39, while a
time switch 45 is provided between lead wires 40 and 41. The time
switch 45 comprises a stationary contact 46 provided at the end of
the lead wire 40 and a movable contact 47 secured to mounting
pieces 48 which are in turn secured to a swingable lever 49 pivoted
about pin 50. Stopper 46' limits the range of movement of the
movable contact 47. The lever 49 is urged to rotate clockwise by
means of a spring 51 secured with its one end to the end of the
lever 49 and with its other end to a stationary portion of the
device, so that the contacts 46, 47 are normally held in closed
state. An air pump 52 adapted to feed the air to the endoscope is
also connected to the electric power source 34 through lead wires
53 and 54 in parallel relation to the motor 43.
Further, an electromagnet 55 is connected to the electric power
source 34 through leadwires 35 and 39 in parallel relation to the
motor 43 and the air pump 52.
The timing mechanism actuating the timing switch 45 will be
described below. A magnetically attractable lever 56 pivoted about
shaft 57 is provided adjacent to the electromagnet 55 so that the
lever 56 is rotated counterclockwise by the magnetic force of the
electromagnet 55 when it is energized by closing the foot switch
44. The lever 56 is normally urged to rotate clockwise by means of
a spring 58 secured at its one end to the end 56' of the lever 56
and with its other end to a stationary point such as the extension
of the base 55' of the electromagnet 55. An abuttment pin 59 is
fixedly secured to the lever 56 at a position adjacent to the end
56" of the lever 56 as shown.
A timing lever 60 also pivoted about the shaft 50 is provided
beneath the lever 49 adjacent thereto but a small amount of the
swinging movement of the lever 49 relative to the lever 60 is
allowed. A pin 61 is fixedly secured to the lower side of the lever
60 at about the midpoint of the length thereof, the function of the
pin 61 will be described later. The end of the lever 60 opposite to
the side where the pin 61 is fixed is provided with an abuttment
projection 60a which abuts against the lever 49 when the lever 60
is rotated counterclockwise as described later so that the lever 49
is swung counterclockwise to thereby opening the time switch 45
comprised of contacts 46, 47.
One end of spring 62 is fixed to the end 56" of the lever 56 at a
position adjacent to the pin 59 while the other end of the spring
62 is fixed to the end 60' of the lever 60 opposing to the end 56"
of the lever 56 so that the ends 56" and 60' of the levers 56 and
60 are urged toward each other by the action of the spring 62 until
the outer end of the pin 59 abuts against the lever 60. The spring
51 is made weaker than the spring 62 for the reason described
hereinbelow.
A timing cam disc 64 provided with a recess 64 in the periphery
thereof is located beneath the lever 60 in such a manner that the
recess 64 receives the pin 61 when the cam disc 63 is rotated by an
appropriate angle so that the lever 60 is swung counterclockwise by
the engagement of the pin 61 within the recess 64. The shaft of the
timing cam disc 63 is connected to the shaft of a reduction gear
schematically shown by 65 which is driven by the motor 43 so that
the cam disc 63 is driven counterclockwise by the motor 43. A
clutch also schematically shown by 66 is interposed between the
shaft of the cam disc 63 and the shaft of the reduction gear 65.
The clutch 66 is controlled by the lever 56 such that the clutch 66
is engaged to rotate the cam disc 63 when the lever 56 is attracted
by the energization of the electromagnet 55 and disengaged when the
electromagnet 55 is deenergized to release the lever 56.
A spiral spring 67 is provided around the shaft of the cam disc 63
with its outer end 67' secured to a stationary point in the deivce
while the inner end is secured to the shaft of the cam disc 63 so
that the cam disc is returned to its predetermined initial angular
position by the action of the spiral spring 67 when the clutch 66
is disengaged. The angular position of the recess 64 with respect
to the position of the pin 61 is appropriately set depending upon
the time period in which the desired quantity of the air is fed to
the endoscope by means of the air pump 52.
In operation of the air supplying device shown in FIG. 5, the air
pump 52 is connected to the air supplying tube of the endoscope. In
case the endoscope as shown in FIG. 3 is used, the opening 29e of
the actuator member 29 may be preliminarily closed, or the actuator
member 29 may be replaced by an actuator member having no
throughhole.
By closing the foot switch 44 by the operators foot, the driving
motor 43 and the air pump 52 are actuated through the timing switch
45 comprising the contacts 46, 47. At the same time, the
electromagnet 55 is energized to attract the lever 56 against the
action of the spring 58 to rotate it anticlockwise about the shaft
57 thereby permitting the clutch 66 to be engaged. Thus, the air
pump 52 begins to supply air to the endoscope to which the air pump
52 is connected, while the rotation of the motor 43 cuases the
timing cam disc 63 to be rotated anticlockwise against the action
of the spring 67 from its predetermined initial position with
respect to the position of the pin 61 fixed to the timing lever 60
through the reduction gear 65 and the clutch 66 engaged by the
energization of the electromagnet 55. The anticlockwise rotation of
the lever 56 caused by the energization of the electromagnet 55
also causes the timing lever 60 to be rotated about the pin 50
anticlockwise by the spring 62 connecting the ends 56" and 60' of
the respective levers 56 and 60 until the pin 61 of the timing
lever is urged to contact with the peripheral surface of the cam
disc 63 with appropriate pressure exerted by the spring 62 but an
appropriate distance is still held between the outer end of the pin
59 and the lever 60. When the recess 64 of the cam disc 63 comes to
the position where the pin 61 can engage with the recess 64 of the
cam disc 63 as it rotates, the pin 61 engages with the recess 64 so
that the lever 60 is further rotated anticlockwise by the action of
the srping 62 while the lever 56 is attracted by the electromagnet
55. This causes the lever 49 to be rotated anticlockwise against
the action of the spring 51 by the abuttment of the projection 60a
of the lever 60 against the lever 49 because, as previously
described, the force of the spring 51 is weaker than that of the
spring 62.
The anticlockwise rotation of the lever 49 causes the anticlockwise
movement of the mounting pieces 48 secured to the lever 49 to
thereby open the switch 45 by disengaging the movable contacg 47
from the stationary contact 46, so that the circuit including the
electric power source 34, the motor 43 and the air pump 52 is
opened to stop the motor 43 and the air pump 52. The time period
during which the air pump 52 continues to feed the air to the
endoscope is determined by the actuation of the foot switch 44 and
the engagement of the pin 61 of the timing lever 60 with the recess
64 of the timing cam disc 63. As previously described, the relative
angular position of the recess 64 of the timing cam disc 63 with
respect to the position of the pin 62 of the timing lever 60 is
preliminarily set at any desired angle.
After the switch 45 is opened to stop the air pump 52 and the motor
43, the foot switch 44 is opened by the operator. Thus, the
electromagnet 55 is deenergized to release the lever 56 so that the
lever 56 is rotated clockwise by the action of the spring 58 to
thereby rotate the timing lever 60 clockwise by virtue of the
abuttment of the pin 59 against the lever 60 to disengage the pin
61 from the recess 64 of the cam disc 63. At the same time, the
clutch 66 is disengaged by the release of the lever 56 so as to
free the shaft of the cam disc 63 from the shaft of the reduction
gear 65. When the pin 61 is disengaged from the recess 64 of the
cam disc 63, the cam disc 63 is rotated clockwise to its initial
position set by a stopper means not shown by the action of the
spiral spring 67, so as to be ready for the next operation of the
air supplying device.
Thus, the desired quantity of air is fed to the endoscope by the
air supplying device of the present invention by repeatedly
operating the foot switch 44 by the required number of times.
In case excess quantity of air is fed by one complete operation of
the air supplying device of the present invention, the air
supplying device can be stopped any time during the operation
thereof so as to stop the feeding of air to the endoscope by merely
opening the foot switch 44 at the moment desired. When the foot
switch 44 is opened during the operation of the air supplying
device, all the motor 43, the air pump 52 and the electromagnet 55
are simultaneously deenergized and the lever 56 is released to
disengage the pin 61 of the timing lever 60 from the recess 64 of
the timing cam disc 63 is that the cam disc 63 is returned to the
initial position by the action of the spring 67 because the clutch
66 is disengaged by the release of the lever 56 while the switch 45
is held in closed position by the action of the spring 51. Thus the
air supplying device is ready for the next operation.
As described above, the air supplying device shown in FIG. 5 is
very simple in construction and can feed any desired quantity of
air to the endoscope without the danger of feeding excess air by
merely closing the foot switch by the operators foot without
disturbing the operation of the endoscope proper and, at the same
time, no assistant operator is required for feeding air to the
endoscope.
FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the air supplying device
employing a transistor timer system in place of the mechanical
timing system as shown in FIG. 5.
Referring to FIG. 6, the electric power source 34 is connected to
the air pump 52 through a switch 68 actuated by means of a relay
69. In order to actuate the relay 69, an electric circuit
comprising DC power source 70, a foot switch 44, a relay 71, a
switch 72 actuated by the relay 71, a condenser 73 and a resistance
74 and a transistor circuit including transistors 75 and the relay
69 as shown in FIG. 6.
The operation of the air supplying device shown in FIG. 6 is
similar to that shown in FIG. 5.
By closing the foot switch 44, the circuit is closed thereby DC
current supplied by the DC power source 70 flows therein so that
the relay 71 is energized to actuate the switch 72 thereby
permitting the condenser 73 to be charged. The transistor circuit
75 is held in conductive state until the condenser 71 is fully
charged so that the switch 68 is held in closed state by the action
of the relay 69 so that the air pump 52 continues the feeding of
air to the endoscope. When the condenser 71 is fully charged the
transistor circuit 75 is made non-conductive thereby deenergizing
the relay 69 to open the switch 68 so that the air pump 52 is
stopped. The foot switch 44 is opened after the completion of the
operation so as to be ready for the next operation. The time period
during which the air pump 52 is actuated is controlled by adjusting
the resistance 74.
When it is desired to stop the feeding of air during the operation
of the air supplying device of FIG. 6, it is merely necessary to
open the foot switch 44 at any moment desired, the condenser 73
being short-circuited by the deenergization of the relay 71 while
the relay 69 is deenergized thereby opening the switch 68 so as to
stop the air pump 52. Thus, the device is made ready for the next
operation.
* * * * *